# Tag Info

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You are seeing the difference between "wide band FM" and "narrow band FM" in your modulated waveform. Observe your modulation index for each case and then review the sideband levels versus mod index using Bessel functions. (The modulation index is the ratio of the frequency deviation over the frequency modulation). The first case is wide-band FM as your ...

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Depending on the circumstances, you can also have other than air borne propagation like through a concrete floor and the support structures of your projector and sensors. the fastest path isn’t necessarily going to be the direct air path.

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If you have a signal $$g(t)=\cos(2\pi \hat{f}(t)t)\tag{1}$$ then the function $\hat{f}(t)$ is not the instantaneous frequency of $g(t)$ (unless $\hat{f}(t)$ is constant). If you want an instantaneous frequency $f(t)$, then the equation $$\frac{\phi'(t)}{2\pi}=f(t)\tag{2}$$ must be satisfied, where $\phi(t)$ is the phase of the signal $g(t)$. So in order ...

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You still only get one range and one velocity line per radar observation. You can, however, "scan" a region (that's why airport towers and ships have these rotating antennas) and get another axis of information. The same can be achieved using digital beamforming, which, however, requires multiple signal chains, and specific antenna arrays. For a two-...

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No you don't need to zero-pad each chirp. MATLAB's cspd function divide the signal into segments of length nfft. Would you want is to zero-pad each segment. Luckily for you, the cspd function can do it for you. Take a look here: If $\tt nfft$ is greater than the signal length, the data is zero-padded. If $\tt nfft$ is less than the signal length, the ...

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The Python implementation looks almost exactly like the definitions in Wikipedia. One will need to define functions in order to make it work, like this: # necessary imports: import numpy as np # start by defining a function that returns a sine wave with time-dependent frequency # f_func is a function f(t, f0, k) def chirp(t, f_func, f0, k): return np....

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You need to resample the signal to simulate the Doppler induced dilation. The resampling factor is I=Td/Ts where Td = Duration of the signal after dilation Ts = Actual duration of the transmitted signal In Matlab you can use the function resample(), but you need to find the resampling parameters P and Q from I. Also, I=1+v/c for signal expansion and I=1-v/...

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This is may be the effect of the interference by other symbols

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I assume by "shift" you mean "shift in time". No, the first correlation peak should not be shifted in time, you should just get multiple peaks, assuming the time difference of arrival is not much shorter than the chirp length. If it is shorter then you will get "blurring" of the cross-correlation peak. Having said that, there are a couple of other ...

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Assuming they all have the same $\omega$ and $\alpha$, meaning they are all following the same frequency ramp, then you can multiply by a ramp in the opposite direction of a starting guess while measuring the derivative of the phase of each carrier (a simple approach to see this would be to observe the result with an Short-Time Fourier Transform). Point is ...

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As an alternative to @hotpaw2 ‘s answer. The frequency domain resolution $df$ equals $1/T$, with $T = NFFT / f_s$ the length of your FFT block in seconds. So, in order to increase the resolution between $f_0$ and $f_1$, you could also increase the length of your signal.

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Zero-padding before the FFT (which is equivalent to Sinc interpolation after the FFT) will give you a higher resolution plot. Symmetric zero-padding (centered or both edges) will give you similar FFT phase results to the original FFT.

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