CORDIC is a well-known method for quickly computing exponentials and logs, including trig functions and their inverses by decomposing the angle into conveniently computable increments and then repeatedly applying the rotation increments in such a way to approximate the desired angle.
What is less well-known is that it can compute far more general special functions by considering an extension to more general Lie groups. It is apparently possible to evaluate multi-parameter functions like the Bessel functions by considering their properties: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1171404/ but this paper is short on details.
I haven't seen any modern treatment of the CORDIC from the group theoretical perspective. Is there a clearly documented way to derive the algorithms for an arbitrary Lie group?