# Questions tagged [terminology]

For questions about words, phrases and definitions that are specific to signal processing.

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204 views

### Confusion understanding digital signal processor?

I am reading wikipedia article about digital signal processor and as shown in end of attached snapshot ." Most general-purpose microprocessors can also execute digital signal processing ...
45 views

### Conceptual Questions on Colored Noise Process

I am having a tough time finding answers to some specific questions and finding references where there is information regarding Brownian noise or Red Noise. I'm referring to white and colored noises ...
22 views

### Meaning of monotonic in context of filters?

What is meant by "monotonic" in context of filter As shown in attached snapshot
50 views

### Is linear convolution same thing as aperiodic convolution?

I am reading an online article and what i understood from there is that linear convolution is aperiodic Is it right? I have also attached snapshot and higlighted two instances
38 views

### Kernel vs impulse response: what's the difference? [duplicate]

I am reading The Scientist and Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing by S.W. Smith. In Chapter 9: Applications of the DFT in the 3rd paragraph he writes "kernel (impulse response)" ...
40 views

### Confusion regarding notation/symbol?

I was reading circular convolution topic from Digital Signal Processing Using Matlab 3rd Ed,by Proakis. I came across a strange term/symbol; I have highlighted it in attached snapshot I have also ...
74 views

### Combiner vs mixer vs coupler?

All these three terms are often used in communication texts and apparently they are some how similar But what is exact difference between each of them?
10 views

### Mutual information smaller on data subsets compared to entire data set

I am estimating the mutual information for a continuous data set using the kNN-based mutual information estimator proposed by Kraskov et al [1]. Lets consider two features $X$ and $Y$, and the ...
41 views

### Confusions regarding meaning of “kernel” in signal processing and image processing? [duplicate]

While studying filters in DSP and DIP, the term "kernel" is often encountered What is the meaning of "kernel" in context of filters??Please kindly explain in simple words with an example I have also ...
793 views

### Meaning of Phase response of a filter? In simple words?

What is meant by phase response of a filter? Often it is associated with restoration of signal shape,so if a filter has linear phase response, its output looks like input otherwise output is ...
62 views

### Confusion understanding causality?

I already know the simple definition that causal system is the one that does not depend on future values of input but today i was confused as i came across a new definition of causality after reading "...
35 views

### Confusing regarding triangular wave vs square wave?

I am reading signal processing first by Mcclellan. In chapter 3, I came across the term "discontinous" as shown underlined in attached photo. Apparently "discontinuous" means having a gap/break but ...
12 views

### Is sparse dictionary learning just a subset of non-negative matrix factorization?

I saw some people argued that their method should be called sparse dictionary learning or NMF. What are the differences between these two terminologies? If the dictionary is given or fixed, the ...
25 views

### Describing a certain quality of an image

Generally I guess I’m asking for a source of image processing terminology. Specifically here I’m trying to find the word for the quality that would identify the main difference between the Mondriaan ...
25 views

### Whats the technical term for a filter that allows a non unity stride when sliding it's window?

So a 1D mean filter of size two with a sliding window defined as W below could be considered as having a stride of one. Wn=(Xn + Xn+1) / 2 Vn=W2n where as if I were to define a 1D 'stepped mean ...
239 views

### Definitions of PSD, ESD and Autocorrelation

This question is going to encompass multiple areas and may not have a single answer but here it goes. I'm trying to conceptualize 3 different concepts and how they relate to each other. These 3 ...
56 views

### What word can I use to describe time-varying spectral content?

I have two devices that generate different classes of signals, one simple and one complex. I would like to find a single word or short phrase that describes the increased richness in one class ...
130 views

### Limiter, compressor, AGC, dynamics processor?

What are the primary differences between the usage or definitions of the terms “AGC”, “compressor”, “limiter”, and dynamics processor? They all seem to be forms of playing with gain knobs.
173 views

### Confused in difference between sequence versus signal?

I am learning basics of signals and systems with MATLAB If i create a vector in matlab such that x=[ 2 5 10 20], will it be considered a sequence or a signal? As ...
33 views

### What is the technical term for the product of “number of pixels” and “number of channel per pixel”?

Assume I have m x n pixels of an RGB image. If I calculate 3mn, what is the name of quantity for this value?
36 views

### System Response Terminology

If I have a system specified by $$P(D)y(t)=Q(D)x(t)$$ and I specify initial conditions $y(0^-)=a, \ y'(0^-)=b,\ x(0^-)=c$ does the term $x(0^-)=c$ correspond to the zero state response or zero ...
813 views

### What is energy in image processing?

There are several web articles on the topic, but, after having read them, I still don't know what "energy" is, in the context of computer vision (CV) and image processing (IP). It is related to ...
254 views

### What is the difference between domain and range filtering?

In the context of image processing, I have heard the expressions "domain filtering" and "range filtering". What do these terms refer to? What is the difference between them?
218 views

### What is a periodic signal in image processing?

In the context of image processing (and computer vision), the concept of convolution comes up a lot. Convolution is quite related to the concept of Fourier transform and DFT. In the context of image ...
511 views

### What is the relation between time, frequency, spatial and spectral domains?

What is the relation between time, frequency, spatial and spectral domains? I think that time and spatial domains are the "original" domains (e.g. if the signal is a greyscale image, then the domain ...
374 views

### What do we mean by spectrum?

Consider the context of image processing and computer vision, and, in particular, discrete Fourier transform. For example, in the sentence In the Discrete Time Fourier Transform the forward Fourier ...
209 views

### What is the difference between an impulse response and a kernel?

It seems to me they are two terms used to refer to the same concept, but, according to the Wikipedia page on Guassian filter a Gaussian filter is a filter whose impulse response is a Gaussian ...
106 views

### Is there any opposite name for Decibel?

According to definition of decibel it’s “logarithmic unit of measurement used to express” So in audio we often convert linear value from range 0 to 1 to logarithmic scale for example like that: <...
77 views

### difficulty in understanding amplitude, frequency and period

I have difficulty in understanding of some fundamental terms as amplitude. Can be there more than one amplitude for a signal? The following expression is combination of 3 sinusoidal signal, so are ...
291 views

### Quadrature demodulation, homodyne detection, lock-in detection - what's the difference?

Quadrature demodulation Homodyne detection Lock-in detection What is the difference between these terms? Are they all synonomous? In my mind they kind of are, so I'm never sure which to use. I ...
29 views

### Does Mutual information utilize spatial information to calculate image similarity?

To calculate images similarity based on Mutual Information (MI), histogram and join histogram is required. In the literature, there are 2 contradict opinions about MI operation. 1. MI does not utilize ...
120 views

### Is Oversampling a Signal Same as Discretizing the Signal?

I am confused about the new terminology 'oversampling' I have encountered very recently. To explain it better, I am going to use numerical examples. Now let's assume I am using a BPSK modulator and my ...
190 views

### Intuition behind cepstrum analysis terminology

In multiple books I found a parallel between spectrum-analysis terminology and cepstrum-analysis terminology that says low pass filter $\rightarrow$ short pass lifter I didn't read explicitly what ...
96 views

### What is the moment when all oscillators aligned to make a jump called?

Say we have a square wave and its Fourier series. When the wave doesn't jump, its oscillators aren't aligned: But if they are aligned, the wave will jump: What is this moment called? They might not ...
735 views

### Why is second-order Gaussian called Laplacian Gaussian?

We usually use Laplacian of Gaussian as the filter for edge detection or blob detection. But the filter itself is essentially a second order Gaussian. So why do we call it Laplacian of Gaussian? Is ...
221 views

### The precise meaning of 'coefficient' in signal processing

when I read papers on signal processing, I often see the term 'coefficient' being used to refer directly to 'samples', i.e. "We can reduce the number of coefficients, by simply subsampling the even ...
59 views

### Is there a name for the procedure of taking the FT over separate consecutive small time-blocks?

Suppose we have a continuous time-interval $I=[a,b]$, and a signal $x \colon I \to \mathbb{R}$. A procedure that is sometimes carried out (e.g. when doing bispectral analysis) is to partition $I$ ...
166 views

### Is there a name for $f(x) = |x|^n \cdot \operatorname{sgn}(x)$?

I'm looking for a name for the following function $$f(x) = |x|^n \cdot \operatorname{sgn}(x)$$ which is the exponent function, but with the sign stripped from the input and reattached to the output....
585 views

### When can the impulse response become zero?

The article Efficient Use Of Sparse Adaptive Filters (Proc. Asilomar Conference, Khong et al., 2006) introduces adaptive filters for the estimation of channels or systems having a sparse impulse ...
706 views

### What is the meaning of channel capacity?

If the transmitted information signal takes values from a modulation constellation, then is there a way to know what the channel capacity is? Is there a connection between the modulation kind and ...
165 views

### What is perfect and imperfect channel?

Often in estimation of the input signal to an unknown channel, the bit error rate is plotted as the performance measure. The curve is compared with an ideal curve labelled as 'Perfect channel'. For ...
46 views

### Confusion regarding model order and lags

I have similar questions as the one asked in these posts: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47083890/fir-filter-length-is-the-intercept-included-as-a-coefficient-matlab/47085339?noredirect=1#...
90 views

### Why use parametric based estimation methods - confusion regarding terms

Using the probability density function (pdf) we can estimate an unknown parameter using methods such as Maximum Likelihood estimation. If the pdf is not available, then Least Squares can be used. ...
98 views

### Why Is The Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) Method Taken as the Benchmark for Comparing with Other Methods?

In many research articles the performance of an estimation method is compared to that of the ML estimation performance. If the performance of the method does not achieve the ML estimation performance, ...
4k views

### Difference between order and length of a filter

Let, the channel be modeled as a FIR model with order L. Mathematically, $y_n = \sum_{k=1}^L h_k u_{n-k} \tag{1}$ where $u$ is the data input to the channel and <...
1k views

### SNR for complex valued signal and when to use SNR and when to use Eb/N0?

This question is in continuation to the one asked earlier Help in understanding the formula of Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) - Part 1 Consider a model $$y[n] = x[n] + w[n]$$ Signal means the desired ...
203 views

### What is Audio codec in simplified term?

I am trying to understand what a codec actually is Wikipedia says In hardware, audio codec refers to a single device that encodes analog audio as digital signals and decodes digital back ...
132 views

### Brief introduction to wireless communication and communication terminologies [closed]

In the Question Design of equalizer for wireless communication the diagram of a basic communication system is presented with informative points and discussions. My Questions are: Considering the ...
I am facing some difficulties with the terminologies - lag ($p$) and sequence length (number of data points) (N) used in time series model such as Moving average and Autoregressive model. Considering ...
The following algorithm takes a set of signals, and return a complex number: For a given set of signals - $\{s_1(n),s_2(n),...,s_M(n)\}$, compute the DFT of each of them - \$\{S_1(k),S_2(k),...,S_M(k)\...