All Questions

16,591 questions
39 views

processing a very noisy signal

I work on an ECG signal that I collect from a sensor, and it is very noisy. Having researched it above I read that FFT or so Nyquist-Shawon's casting theories were advised, being novice in the field ...
158 views

Removing step-function like noise from signal, knowing when the step functions occur

So I currently have a system which is fit for very short time measurements. Whenever a measurement is long, however, there is a need to continuously update the reference, which, each time, will ...
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How Much Zero Padding Do We Need to Perform Filtering in the Fourier Domain?

Consider an $M\times N$ image $f$ and an $G \times K$ filter $h$. Given that convolution in the spatial domain corresponds to multiplication in the Fourier domain, then we can perform a convolution of ...
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Similarity in signal plots but dissimilarity in sensed content

I have two audio signals that look incredibly similar when plotted. However, when I play them, they sound quite different. The only difference I can even see in their plots is that one signal looks ...
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How To Find Frequency Range For Each MFCC Bin?

If I have 13 mfccs using 512 for fft size and 44100 for sampling rate, how can I find out which frequency range each mfcc bin represents? Do I need more information in order to calculate that?
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Hanning and Hamming Window

I am new in the field of signal processing. What's the different between Hamming and Hanning window? When we use the former and latter?
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Purpose of multiplying fft output by Hann window?

I'm working with some acoustic propagation models at the moment. A feature I've noticed in 2 of these models is that the output of the model is often multiplied by a Hann window in the frequency ...
37 views

Graphical DT Convolution

Attached is the question 1 part B, solution and my attempt. My attempt seems to be not correct. can someone comment?
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Can anyone please describe the relation between linear convolution and circular convolution? [duplicate]

It would be great if anyone could help. I am not able to find any relation amongst them, to me they are different things altogether.
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Should I increase the mean or the variance of Gaussian noise?

I am new in DSP. I am currently working with a project and I want to try which algorithm works better given different image noises. To test it out, I have been using the Gaussian noise in images. ...
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Attached is image with solution and my attempt. I am trying to calculate the coefficients for partial fractions expansion of the following: $$H(e^{j\omega}) = \frac{ \frac{1}{3} e^{-j2\omega} }{(1-\... 1answer 27 views Region of Convergence In attached image why does the ROC have these values for$$ X(z) = \frac{1}{1-\frac{1}{3}z^{-1}} - \frac{1}{1-2z^{-1}} ~~~~~,~~~~~ 1/3 < |z| < 2 $$and for$$ Y(z) = \frac{5}{1-\frac{1}{3}z^...
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It's pretty clear that zero-padding an image before performing Fourier transform simply enlarges the magnitude image (stretching it to the new, padded size). What I can't understand is how it affects ...
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I am learning about HOG and I understand it from here. A well-explained page with an example. I am not understanding this concept that how it works A 16×16 block has 4 histograms which can be ...
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low pass filter

I am new to DSP, I'm trying to implement a low pass filter in a microcontroller and I'm looking for examples on the internet. One of the simplest low pass filter (as its title says) is this. But I ...
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Is there a window with both a lower side lobe level and higher side lobe roll of rate than Blackman

Is there a window with both a lower side lobe level and higher side lobe roll of rate than the Blackman window - even if it is poor or useless for some other reason?
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Drawbacks of kalman filter

What are the drawbacks of kalman for attitude angels estimation...or what are advantages of mahony filter over kalman filter for attitude angels estimation?
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Doppler Shifting A Chirp Signal

So I have a digital linear chirp signal: $$x[n] = \sqrt{\frac{2}{N}} \cdot \cos\Big( 2 \pi \frac{f_{0}}{f_{s}}n + \pi \frac{B}{N} n^{2}\Big)$$ Where $f_{0}$ is the initial frequency, $f_{s}$ is ...
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Is there any way to do 3D (Voxel Data) feature detection?

In the 2D image processing, there are ways to find and match features of the image (like corner of the edges). However, I could not find the equivalent of that in the 3D-voxel data (Here voxel means a ...
32 views

Why do AAC files seem to have an inexact bitrate?

I'm using ffmpeg to encode audio files as AAC at 256kbps. However, the actual bitrate of the resulting file is rarely 256. It's usually a number close to 256 like 241, 255, 257, 254. In one case it ...
57 views

Split audio file into audio phrases

I have couple of audio recordings of length 5 -7 min. I also have corresponding text to each audio file. I am not subject matter expert on speech to text but I am vaguely aware that much smaller ...
16 views

How to calculate Walsh hadamard transform for image patches of odd sizes?

I was reading this paper on optical flow, which as apart of the algorithm makes use Walsh-Hadamard transform on image patches of size 2r+1. So far, where ever I have looked, I could only find that ...
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is this system invertible?

Is this system invertible? $$H \lbrace x(t) \rbrace = x(e^t)$$ I can find the reverse mapping from exp, but I'm not sure whether in systems theory this is considered reversible. I'd love to get an ...
36 views

Physical meaning of average values of random signals

This question might be a bit stupid, anyway, i'll risk it, since i want to get better understanding of this subject. Let's consider random signal x(t), and let's say that we know that it is ergodic ...
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What is meant by peak value of gradient magnitude?

I am trying to write MATLAB code for the research paper entitled Echocardiography Image Enhancement Using Adaptive Fractional Order Derivatives. The two thresholds are given by a=(peak+min(Gmag))/2 ...
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Alternate Octave Commands for Matlab

can you tell me how to write video data to file.. what is the alternate of these 4 commands in octave ...
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guard interval calculation for multi-cell massive MIMO

I am interested in a multi-call massive-MIMO system modeled as in the works of T. Marzetta, for example: "Inter-Cell Interference in Noncooperative TDD Large Scale Antenna Systems". In these works, ...
54 views

Phase of a real number

Could someone please explain in what case the phase of a real number is equal to -pi (and not pi)? I know that for positive numbers, the phase is zero. For zero, we define the phase as zero as well. ...
56 views

“Dirac Comb” vs “Ones Comb”

While learning sampling theory - I noticed that examples of continuous signal sampling always achieved the goal via multiplying the signal with a "Dirac Comb". I was intrigued by the requirement to ...
66 views

FFT Heart Rate Monitor on Arduino

Part of my project is to build heart rate monitor from Nano and a PulseSensor. I am having trouble working with the Fast Fourier Transform part of the code. This code here is from a library (...
36 views

Detecting similar behaviour in audio files

Can anyone help, I'm trying to find a solution that would allow me the ability to look at a batch of .WAV files and detect ones which share a similar behaviour in the recording like the image attached....
19 views

Beamforming back lobes question

When performing a conventional digital beamforming I see in some textbooks they show beam patterns as where the arrival angle ranges between -90 to 90 degrees. But then other places show the full ...
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DFT of 2d real signal and Hermitian symmetry

Knowing that DFT of n-values real signal in 1d consists of n/2+1 different values where the second half of the spectrum is complex conjugate of the first one (Hermitian symmetry). However in the ...
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What is the difference between a range filter and a low-pass filter?

A low-pass filter attenuates the high frequencies, preserving only smooth variations in the provided image. The result of an image which is low-pass filtered is an image with blurred edges (hence ...
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(This is a follow up question to a previous question: link) I have implemented a flowgraph of a transceiver loopback inspired by the examples found at ...
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What is the minimum and maximum cutoff frequencies for the antialiasing filter for this ADC?

https://www.analog.com/en/products/ad9675.html https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD9675.pdf It says in the data sheet that the Anti-Aliasing Filter has : "...
24 views

MATLAB - How do I get the Filter Function to get the output Energy Spectrum?

The image was from a question I posted on reddit, so ignore the title. I'm trying to write a program that plots these graphs I know that the first plot is just a plot of the source-signal so the "...
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Bandpass filtering with passband changing with time

Is it possible to implement some sort of filter which adapts as a function of time? Specifically, say I have a "noiseless" model of some signal which has the same frequency components at the same ...