Questions tagged [spread-spectrum]
The spread-spectrum tag has no usage guidance.
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How to efficiently shape the input payload matrix for cdma?
Is there a better way to shape the input payload metric for cdma ?
currently modulating a matrix defined as Users x time matrix. I define user per column which is ...
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Can an OFDM waveform be spread (DSSS)?
Is it valid to spread an OFDM waveform using direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS)? Both operations are linear so it seems like this should work.
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Do PSK/QAM modulators (e.g. 4G/5G) fundamentally use more energy per packet than CSS modulators (e.g. LoRa)?
Not sure if this is the right place or even the right question to ask, but googling did not get me much further, so here goes:
I'm trying to assess whether the power consumed by an IoT device, based ...
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GNSS : Code Phase and Carrier Phase Relation
What is the relation between code phase and carrier phase in a GNSS system (GPS L1CA, GPS L5 etc)? Any document or section of any book explaining the same will also do.
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Bandwidth for a binary chirp spread spectrum system
Let's say data rate requirement for some application is 36Kbps.
For a binary Chirp spread spectrum system, SF=6 is taken so that M=64. Time * bandwidth = 64.
If binary 1 is represented as Upchirp and ...
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Undersampling in GNU Radio
I'd like to implement a FHSS receiver in GNU Radio, using a USRP B210. The total bandwidth of the signal is about 30 MHz, with each message having a bandwidth of about 200kHz. When I attempt to ...
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How plausible is undetectable (covert) radio communication?
Ever since I found out that coding gain allows you to receive a signal that is well below the noise floor I have been fascinated with the idea of covert radio signals (low probability of detection). ...
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HackRF setup for capturing GNSS signals
I have a MATLAB script which process IF signals to acquire GPS satellites.
I decided to capture IF signals containing GPS L1 C/A (1575.42 MHz) myself.
What I have:
HackRF
TCXO for HackRF
Active GPS ...
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Increasing Spreading Factor vs reducing FEC rate
This time, I have been reading a lot about how LoRa works and how it is able to achieve such long ranges in non-LOS propagation channels. However, a simple doubt arises regarding the way they ...
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How to convert SNR to Eb/N0 in Chirp Spread Spectrum modulations
This question is related to Conversion between Eb/N0 and SNR in spread-spectrum modulation like LoRa CSS?.
However I couldn't solve my issue.
I'm simulating a Binary Orthognal Chirp Keying ...
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GPS | Retain Signal Tracking after Noise Bound
I have an IF data, 2 seconds signal sample from only one GPS satellite, I know the PRN number of the satellite.
...
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CDMA and Pulse Shapping
I am a little confused on CDMA and its interaction with the typical pulse shaping filter ex, raised root cosine.
Is the RRC filter bandwidth selected to be consistent with the CDMA spreading/update ...
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Spectral properties of QPSK modulation
From what I've read, the spectral properties of the modulation largely depend on the rate of change of the signal phase - "a signal in which the phase changes stepwise has a broad spectrum, well ...
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How to recover data/information from real complex baseband signal?
I have recorded real complex baseband signal. I want to recover data from the same. The complex baseband signal is basically a composite CDMA signal. How can i recover that information ?
Original Tx ...
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Multi-bit gold code
Is the multi-bit gold code resulted from a xor of two different multi-bit m-sequences will still maintain its statistical property (bounded correlation, distribution of 1 and 0) ?
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Is Bluetooth Low Energy jamming possible with an SDR like the HackRF on GNURadio?
It seems like BLE jamming is technically possible by just jamming the 3 advertising channels 37, 38 and 39 https://github.com/lws803/BLE-jammer and it has been proven to work on an STM32 + 3x NRF24l01 ...
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what are resources you recommend to learn GPS signal processing?
I want to learn about GPS and other GNSS signal processing algorithms.
I have solid background in signal processing and some experience in OFDM.
Could you please recommend some books or online ...
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Cant find Doppler shift with LFM signal
Im stuck on this one. I hope someone helps me!
Problem: I need to find Dopler shift with array of reflected chirps.
I have bursts of chirps which then i sampled, and calculated fft.
Im suposed to ...
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About the orthogonality of columns in Zadoff-Chu matrix
As we know that Zadoff-Chu matrix is similar to Walsh-Hadamard matrix where every columns in those matrices is orthogonal with the any other column.
For Walsh-Hadmard matrix, the orthogonality is ...
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How to correct for delays in a PAM-X signal with orthogonal CDMA?
I have a receiver which receives data bits at a rate of 5kbit/s. The number of data bits per burst is low (say, 16 bits). These databits are obtained after despreading the incoming signal using an ...
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difference in spectrum
First I defined 5 signals with same length (40 samples) with different frequency and sampling frequencies, then I've put them together like [X1 X2...] and took it's fourier transform and the result is ...
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Help in designing filter for DUC (Digital Up-Converter) and DDC (Digital Down-Converter) using the built-in DUC and DDC blocks in MATLAB Simulink
Can anyone please help me in simulating a simple BPSK transceiver system that correctly receives a signal through a DUC and DDC? I have attached the screenshot of my Simulink system along with ...
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Jamming resistance in spread spectrum systems
In direct sequence spread spectrum, which is the basis of CDMA systems, the baseband signal is multiplied with a pseudo noise (PN) sequence which has a high chip rate, thus the resulting modulated ...
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What's the difference between spreading and scrambling
I have a question regarding the scrambling code, What's the difference between spreading and scrambling? As I know, following the below figure, the scrambling doesn't affect the signal bandwidth:
As ...
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of PN sequence over Walsh code
I would like to ask what are the disadvantages and advantages of PN sequence over Walsh code? and also Gold code over Walsh code.
I have checked online, but I didn't get clear explanation for that. ...
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Detect low power DSSS-BPSK signal
I have heard that it is possible to detect a low power (ie not visible on a spectrum analyzer) DSSS-BPSK (direct sequence spread spectrum) signal even when you don't know the spreading code by ...
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Early - late gate spread spectrum
For situation that received signal is complex, how Early and late are calculated in spread spectrum tracking?
How I can consider both real and imaginary in error calculation?
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Spread spectrum receiver
I want to design a receiver for a spread spectrum system. I know that two Pseudo sequence with two different length must be used in the receiver, but I can' t manage this with common receivers(such as ...
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DSSS spread method
How do you implement Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) to synchronize the spreading rate with the symbol rate when there is a non-integer but rational relationship between the two?
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How are CDMA codes distributed?
I think this question is so trivial that it's nowhere explained (I would not find it) and the answer is probably trivial too. But I still wonder how codes in a typical CDMA system are distributed? ...
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Spread Spectrum (CDMA) signal phase noise measurement
A CDMA signal is considered for this application.
I would like to have an information on the generated signal oscillator's quality using a phase noise measure. If the signal was a pure carrier, it ...
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What's the effect of spread spectrum on frequency- selective channel
In brief, we consider the channel as frequency-selective channel if the frequency of the signal is larger than then frequency of channel.
So, does using the spreading spectrum change the frequency-...
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Is it possible to spread signal using sum of more than one orthogonal code
I was wondering if we can spread the signal using more than one spreading code. Assume we have the Walsh code used to spread the transmitted signal, the Walsh code is, for example, gotten based on ...
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Is it possible to use MRC with DS-CDMA-MIMO [closed]
I'm wondering how to use the Maximum Ratio Combining with MIMO-DS-CDMA, I have used the MIMO with DS-CDMA using Walsh code, then at receiver I couldn't recover the transmit signal using the MRC. here ...
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How to Extract frequency bands from Short-time Fourier Transform?
I am reproducing the results reported by the author in a research paper. In which he takes the STFT of EEG signals. The input data has a shape of (1 X500) and I used Scipy library built-in function to ...
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Using Spreading spectral with Maximal likelihood
As asked here, HERE if we have the signal
x =
[0.7 + 0.7i;
0.7 - 0.7i;
-0.7 + 0.7i;
-0.7 -0.7i];
Which was spread over code ...
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Using MIMO with DS-CDMA and spread spectrum
I have a question about using MIMO with DS-CDMA. suppose we are using 4 TX antennas, and 4 RX antennas, then the Reyleigh ...
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How can I spread a modulated signal over walsh code
I need to confirm if spreading signal by using walsh code in MATLAB is right or no,
Suppose I'm using QAM modulation, so I need to spread the signal over walsh code, is the below step is right:
<...
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About using Walsh matrix as spreading sequence
I'm asking about some details about using the Walsh matrix as spreading sequence code. For example, suppose I'm using a $4\times 4$ Walsh matrix given by
$$H = \begin{pmatrix}
1 & 1 & 1 & ...
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What is the duration of the spreading sequence
I have a question regarding the spreading sequence duration using Walsh matrix. I've read a paper related to that, they consider the signal $S = R(S) + I(S)$, where $R(S), I(S)$ are the real and ...
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How to solve signal MFSK or FHSS question (received signal+ noise+jamming)
I'm trying to solve the following:
\begin{equation}
A \cos(2\pi f t + \theta_1) + B \cos(2\pi f t + \theta_2) = D\cos(?f?\theta)
\end{equation}
I just need to know the correct value of D, the value ...
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Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Synchronization Methods
Frequency-hopping spread spectrum waveforms change the carrier frequency at some interval.
I can see if the frequency is constant for the duration of an entire packet, the pilot symbols could be used ...
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Rate in CDMA setup
I am working on a CDMA system with only 4 chips/symbol. I want to use $R=\frac{1}{2}log_2(1+SNR)$ chips/channel use to calculate what $SNR$ I require to successfully receive a given transmission. In ...
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How to reconcile "bandwidth" in the Shannon-Hartley Theorem with a spread-spectrum principle
I'm trying to understand something about channel "bandwidth" $B$ in the Shannon-Hartley Theorem: $$C = B \log_2 \left( 1 + \dfrac{S}{N} \right) $$
Suppose I have a bitstream encoded as a signal that ...
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Use of pseudo-random binary sequence (Gold, Kasami, etc.) in frequency hopped code-division multiple access (FH/CDMA)
I have a clear idea of how a PN-sequence is used in a Direct Sequence Code-Division Multiple Access(DS-CDMA) system with BPSK. In such a system, a different pn-sequence is assigned to each user and ...
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Conversion between Eb/N0 and SNR in spread-spectrum modulation like LoRa CSS?
This question is somewhat related to the one asked here: How is multiplexing achieved in spread-spectrum modulations like CSS?
I am looking at the bit error rate (BER) performance of communication ...
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Recovering DSSS signal from below noise Floor
I want to understand what actually happens in the direct sequence spread spectrum demodulator ? Why is it said that the signal is recovered from below the noise floor ? Can someone please explain the ...
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Why are Gold codes and Kasami codes used instead of pure m-sequences?
I'm trying to understand why Gold codes and Kasami codes are used instead of pure m-sequences, in direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) communication systems, to prevent interference between multiple ...
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What kind of signal modulation is more resistant to jamming?
I've understood that spread-spectrum type of modulations are more resistant to narrow band jamming, for obvious reasons. What is less obvious is why someone would try to jam for example a cellular ...
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Is there an asymmetric crypto analog to direct sequence spread spectrum?
In section 12.1.1.2 of Digital Communications: Fundamentals and Applications, Bernard Sklar makes this claim about spread spectrum signals:
Therefore, not only can the spread-spectrum signal be ...
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