Questions tagged [spread-spectrum]
The spread-spectrum tag has no usage guidance.
50
questions
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2answers
58 views
GPS | Retain Signal Tracking after Noise Bound
I have an IF data, 2 seconds signal sample from only one GPS satellite, I know the PRN number of the satellite.
...
0
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1answer
39 views
CDMA and Pulse Shapping
I am a little confused on CDMA and its interaction with the typical pulse shaping filter ex, raised root cosine.
Is the RRC filter bandwidth selected to be consistent with the CDMA spreading/update ...
1
vote
1answer
35 views
Spectral properties of QPSK modulation
From what I've read, the spectral properties of the modulation largely depend on the rate of change of the signal phase - "a signal in which the phase changes stepwise has a broad spectrum, well ...
0
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1answer
37 views
How to recover data/information from real complex baseband signal?
I have recorded real complex baseband signal. I want to recover data from the same. The complex baseband signal is basically a composite CDMA signal. How can i recover that information ?
Original Tx ...
0
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1answer
45 views
Multi-bit gold code
Is the multi-bit gold code resulted from a xor of two different multi-bit m-sequences will still maintain its statistical property (bounded correlation, distribution of 1 and 0) ?
0
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1answer
346 views
Is Bluetooth Low Energy jamming possible with an SDR like the HackRF on GNURadio?
It seems like BLE jamming is technically possible by just jamming the 3 advertising channels 37, 38 and 39 https://github.com/lws803/BLE-jammer and it has been proven to work on an STM32 + 3x NRF24l01 ...
2
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1answer
49 views
what are resources you recommend to learn GPS signal processing?
I want to learn about GPS and other GNSS signal processing algorithms.
I have solid background in signal processing and some experience in OFDM.
Could you please recommend some books or online ...
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0answers
46 views
How to implement Walsh demodulation in matlab?
1 1 1 1 ==> 0
1 -1 1 -1 ==> 1
1 1 -1 -1
1 -1 -1 1
I have this sequence of walsh spreading ...
0
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1answer
117 views
Cant find Doppler shift with LFM signal
Im stuck on this one. I hope someone helps me!
Problem: I need to find Dopler shift with array of reflected chirps.
I have bursts of chirps which then i sampled, and calculated fft.
Im suposed to ...
1
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1answer
29 views
About the orthogonality of columns in Zadoff-Chu matrix
As we know that Zadoff-Chu matrix is similar to Walsh-Hadamard matrix where every columns in those matrices is orthogonal with the any other column.
For Walsh-Hadmard matrix, the orthogonality is ...
1
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1answer
63 views
How to correct for delays in a PAM-X signal with orthogonal CDMA?
I have a receiver which receives data bits at a rate of 5kbit/s. The number of data bits per burst is low (say, 16 bits). These databits are obtained after despreading the incoming signal using an ...
0
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2answers
43 views
difference in spectrum
First I defined 5 signals with same length (40 samples) with different frequency and sampling frequencies, then I've put them together like [X1 X2...] and took it's fourier transform and the result is ...
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1answer
164 views
Help in designing filter for DUC (Digital Up-Converter) and DDC (Digital Down-Converter) using the built-in DUC and DDC blocks in MATLAB Simulink
Can anyone please help me in simulating a simple BPSK transceiver system that correctly receives a signal through a DUC and DDC? I have attached the screenshot of my Simulink system along with ...
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2answers
127 views
Jamming resistance in spread spectrum systems
In direct sequence spread spectrum, which is the basis of CDMA systems, the baseband signal is multiplied with a pseudo noise (PN) sequence which has a high chip rate, thus the resulting modulated ...
0
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1answer
248 views
What's the difference between spreading and scrambling
I have a question regarding the scrambling code, What's the difference between spreading and scrambling? As I know, following the below figure, the scrambling doesn't affect the signal bandwidth:
As ...
1
vote
1answer
700 views
What are the advantages and disadvantages of PN sequence over Walsh code
I would like to ask what are the disadvantages and advantages of PN sequence over Walsh code? and also Gold code over Walsh code.
I have checked online, but I didn't get clear explanation for that. ...
1
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1answer
181 views
Detect low power DSSS-BPSK signal
I have heard that it is possible to detect a low power (ie not visible on a spectrum analyzer) DSSS-BPSK (direct sequence spread spectrum) signal even when you don't know the spreading code by ...
1
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2answers
112 views
Early - late gate spread spectrum
For situation that received signal is complex, how Early and late are calculated in spread spectrum tracking?
How I can consider both real and imaginary in error calculation?
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2answers
192 views
Spread spectrum receiver
I want to design a receiver for a spread spectrum system. I know that two Pseudo sequence with two different length must be used in the receiver, but I can' t manage this with common receivers(such as ...
2
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1answer
154 views
DSSS spread method
How do you implement Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) to synchronize the spreading rate with the symbol rate when there is a non-integer but rational relationship between the two?
0
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2answers
115 views
How are CDMA codes distributed?
I think this question is so trivial that it's nowhere explained (I would not find it) and the answer is probably trivial too. But I still wonder how codes in a typical CDMA system are distributed? ...
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0answers
57 views
Spread Spectrum (CDMA) signal phase noise measurement
A CDMA signal is considered for this application.
I would like to have an information on the generated signal oscillator's quality using a phase noise measure. If the signal was a pure carrier, it ...
-1
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1answer
50 views
What's the effect of spread spectrum on frequency- selective channel
In brief, we consider the channel as frequency-selective channel if the frequency of the signal is larger than then frequency of channel.
So, does using the spreading spectrum change the frequency-...
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1answer
53 views
Is it possible to spread signal using sum of more than one orthogonal code
I was wondering if we can spread the signal using more than one spreading code. Assume we have the Walsh code used to spread the transmitted signal, the Walsh code is, for example, gotten based on ...
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1answer
69 views
Is it possible to use MRC with DS-CDMA-MIMO [closed]
I'm wondering how to use the Maximum Ratio Combining with MIMO-DS-CDMA, I have used the MIMO with DS-CDMA using Walsh code, then at receiver I couldn't recover the transmit signal using the MRC. here ...
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0answers
747 views
How to Extract frequency bands from Short-time Fourier Transform?
I am reproducing the results reported by the author in a research paper. In which he takes the STFT of EEG signals. The input data has a shape of (1 X500) and I used Scipy library built-in function to ...
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1answer
48 views
Using Spreading spectral with Maximal likelihood
As asked here, HERE if we have the signal
x =
[0.7 + 0.7i;
0.7 - 0.7i;
-0.7 + 0.7i;
-0.7 -0.7i];
Which was spread over code ...
0
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1answer
104 views
Using MIMO with DS-CDMA and spread spectrum
I have a question about using MIMO with DS-CDMA. suppose we are using 4 TX antennas, and 4 RX antennas, then the Reyleigh ...
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2answers
50 views
How can I spread a modulated signal over walsh code
I need to confirm if spreading signal by using walsh code in MATLAB is right or no,
Suppose I'm using QAM modulation, so I need to spread the signal over walsh code, is the below step is right:
<...
0
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2answers
95 views
About using Walsh matrix as spreading sequence
I'm asking about some details about using the Walsh matrix as spreading sequence code. For example, suppose I'm using a $4\times 4$ Walsh matrix given by
$$H = \begin{pmatrix}
1 & 1 & 1 & ...
1
vote
2answers
53 views
What is the duration of the spreading sequence
I have a question regarding the spreading sequence duration using Walsh matrix. I've read a paper related to that, they consider the signal $S = R(S) + I(S)$, where $R(S), I(S)$ are the real and ...
-1
votes
1answer
82 views
How to solve signal MFSK or FHSS question (received signal+ noise+jamming)
I'm trying to solve the following:
\begin{equation}
A \cos(2\pi f t + \theta_1) + B \cos(2\pi f t + \theta_2) = D\cos(?f?\theta)
\end{equation}
I just need to know the correct value of D, the value ...
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1answer
277 views
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Synchronization Methods
Frequency-hopping spread spectrum waveforms change the carrier frequency at some interval.
I can see if the frequency is constant for the duration of an entire packet, the pilot symbols could be used ...
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2answers
49 views
Rate in CDMA setup
I am working on a CDMA system with only 4 chips/symbol. I want to use $R=\frac{1}{2}log_2(1+SNR)$ chips/channel use to calculate what $SNR$ I require to successfully receive a given transmission. In ...
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3answers
430 views
How to reconcile “bandwidth” in the Shannon-Hartley Theorem with a spread-spectrum principle
I'm trying to understand something about channel "bandwidth" $B$ in the Shannon-Hartley Theorem: $$C = B \log_2 \left( 1 + \dfrac{S}{N} \right) $$
Suppose I have a bitstream encoded as a signal that ...
1
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2answers
120 views
Use of pseudo-random binary sequence (Gold, Kasami, etc.) in frequency hopped code-division multiple access (FH/CDMA)
I have a clear idea of how a PN-sequence is used in a Direct Sequence Code-Division Multiple Access(DS-CDMA) system with BPSK. In such a system, a different pn-sequence is assigned to each user and ...
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1answer
5k views
Conversion between Eb/N0 and SNR in spread-spectrum modulation like LoRa CSS?
This question is somewhat related to the one asked here: How is multiplexing achieved in spread-spectrum modulations like CSS?
I am looking at the bit error rate (BER) performance of communication ...
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1answer
364 views
Recovering DSSS signal from below noise Floor
I want to understand what actually happens in the direct sequence spread spectrum demodulator ? Why is it said that the signal is recovered from below the noise floor ? Can someone please explain the ...
4
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1answer
3k views
Why are Gold codes and Kasami codes used instead of pure m-sequences?
I'm trying to understand why Gold codes and Kasami codes are used instead of pure m-sequences, in direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) communication systems, to prevent interference between multiple ...
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0answers
193 views
What kind of signal modulation is more resistant to jamming?
I've understood that spread-spectrum type of modulations are more resistant to narrow band jamming, for obvious reasons. What is less obvious is why someone would try to jam for example a cellular ...
2
votes
3answers
125 views
Is there an asymmetric crypto analog to direct sequence spread spectrum?
In section 12.1.1.2 of Digital Communications: Fundamentals and Applications, Bernard Sklar makes this claim about spread spectrum signals:
Therefore, not only can the spread-spectrum signal be ...
0
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1answer
519 views
How does the PSK demodulator differentiates one carrier from the other in CDMA
I'm trying to understand the way in which CDMA works. Once the transmitter bit sequence is spread it is modulated for instance using a PSK modulator. Lets assume BPSK is used. I'm particularly ...
3
votes
1answer
114 views
Is there any Spread Spectrum system that uses Rake with cyclic Prefix?
My question is that could the use of cyclic prefix can enhance the performance of Rake receiver ?
I find this proposal here CP for DSSS Rake Receiver that seems correct.
Without CP, ISI emerges and ...
1
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2answers
388 views
Time and frequency domain spreading in CDMA and MC-CDMA?
For time domain CDMA transmitter, how the spreading sequences should look like? Is it necessary to be from $\{ -1,+1\}$ like PN sequences ? How will the codes be in frequency domain?
I am confused in ...
0
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2answers
201 views
How can I insert message bits into the frequency spectrum of an audio signal using Matlab?
I have been trying to use the DSSS spread spectrum technique for audio steganography in MATLAB. I multiplied the PN sequence with the message bits. Now I want to insert this spread message into a ...
1
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1answer
493 views
Can I use frequency hopping spread spectrum technique for audio steganography?
I have been trying to use spread spectrum technique for audio steganography. I read a lot about it.But i didn't find any information about the steganography scheme using FHSS(frequency hopping spread ...
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2answers
634 views
How is multiplexing achieved in spread-spectrum modulations like CSS?
I understand why it doesn't interfere with narrowband communication systems but how do different clients communicate in a system like LoRa. Is it time orthogonality like TDM?
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1answer
64 views
Spreading sequence and equalization based on a paper
I am having difficulty in understanding how the Authors in this paper, An EM based method for semi blind identification of linear systems driven by Chaotic signals
have used the expressions derived ...
2
votes
2answers
790 views
Minimum Output Samples needed to crack a “Gold Code” Generator (Dual LFSR)
Please preface your answer with spoiler notation by typing the following two characters first ">!"
Below is an implementation of a "Gold Code" Generator formed by adding (in $GF(2)$) the outputs from ...
5
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3answers
3k views
What exactly happens with Spread Spectrum Modulation
With regard to DSSS and CDMA(DS), what does it mean to spread a signal over a spectrum of frequencies in terms of individual frequencies? Is it about sending the same signal redundantly on multiple ...
