Questions tagged [snr]
Signal-to-noise ratio (often abbreviated SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise.
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How to understand Fading Channel with no CSI at the Receiver
From the book Fundamentals of Massive MIMO, the section 2.3.4 shows that the expression of the received signal in fading channel with additive non-Gaussian noise and no CSI at receiver is dervied as:
$...
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Relationship between received SNR and Eb/N0
I want to show the bit error performance of a communication link using QPSK in a system containing a channel and antennas. The resulting received SNR is calculated by:
$$
SNR(f) = \frac{P_\text{t} \...
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SNR from sampled signal
Is there any procedure described, or some example code (in Matlab) to calculate SNR from the sampled real signal?
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compute EVM for MIMO channel including additive Gaussian white noise
Good time. I would like to compute EVM for a Rayleigh channel including additive Gaussian white noise. The accepted EVM for BPSK issued by IEEE is -5dB. Since the variance of white noise depends on ...
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Mean square error for a quantizer - problem in integral
There are similar questions about related problems that I honestly didn't understand. I believe this might be a lack of statistics knowledge of my part.
Quantization error standard deviation
Error ...
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Calculate SNR in a B&W image
How to calculate the SNR of an image with only black (0,0,0) and white (255,255,255) pixels?
For example, the 20x20 image below has 39 black pixels. Some noise pixels are added (black pixels at A, B, ...
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Print out the BER vs SNR function graph in python
First of all if this isnt the place to post these types of exercise please point out where do i post it and thank you in advance
We are asked in this exercise to print out the SNR vs BER graphs for ...
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Adding Independent Noise
Signal processing often involves managing and optimizing Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). To achieve this, one may need to work with noise budgets and ensure that any additional additive noise sources are ...
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SNR After Dividing Two Noisy Signals
About impedance calculations, I have to build the quotient of voltage and current. This is done in the frequency domain after, e.g. Fourier transform to get a spectrum. I'm trying to calculate the SNR ...
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How do I extract tag values from a stream in Gnu Radio?
I have two MPSK SNR Estimator and MSPK SNR Estimator Probe blocks that insert a tag after a certain number of samples. In my case, tag = "snr" with the value of SNR is inserted every 10000 ...
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Different (incorrect) estimation of SNR values at reception
I want to estimate the SNR value at the input of my USRP. To do this, I connect two blocks: MPSK SNR Estimator and MSPK SNR Estimator Probe.
Next, I look at the values that I got using the MSPK SNR ...
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How to calculate signal to noise ratio (SNR) from a list (sequence) of amplitude?
Suppose I have a list of amplitude (straight line signal):
x = [1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1]
By intuition, zero value in list x makes the noise of straight signal.
If we ...
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Dynamic Range Scaling for Delta Sigma Modulation
I've been trying to follow along with this example in the book "Understanding Delta Sigma Data Converters" and I am completely confused as to how the authors came about the appropriate ...
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Basic audio denoising in the frequency domain using minimum statistics?
I'm trying to do some example elementary denoising of the audio signal. Let's say input is speech with constant traffic background noise.
First I calculated block-based overlap-add Fourier transform (...
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Confusion regarding formula of SQNR? Finding SQNR using MATLAB
I am learning about SQNR and when i google i get its formula that it is equal to
6.02 db(per bit)+1.76 db
But in our Lab/class, we saw different formula ,which is following formula when using MATLAB:
<...
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What parameter to use to decide if accelerometer data are noisy?
I would like to do regression thus I need to know if my input data are noisy.
In this case, I generate accelerometer data [x, y, z] from the sensor.
I have a look ...
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Issue with SNR and SINAD Measurement using Matlab Functions in specific cases
I have a MATLAB code in which I need to calculate the SNR and SINAD of received signal at known frequency (assumed as tone signal). The issue is that sometimes the power at that frequency is lower ...
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Best 'SNR-like' detection statistic for time series signal in the wavelet domain?
What is the best way to define a detection statistic for a time series event trigger generator, which computes the wavelet transform of some time series data? I want such quantity to be similar to a ...
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Minimal SNR to distinguish LFM target from noise at range doppler output
I am working on a radar signal processing project using MATLAB. I am required to simulate range doppler maps for Linear Frequency-Modulation (LFM) targets (non-fluctuating) in noise at various SNRs (...
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Calculating SNR of one N-point DFT over another M-point DFT in frequency domain
Consider N-point sine signal mixed with a random noise (implemented in Python below):
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How to calculate SNR with White gaussian noise
Im working on a Pulsed Doppler Radar
What is the way to calculate the SNR (with WGN)? What will be the lowest SNR for detectability?
Im using matched-filter(xcorr) to process the signal+noise.
My ...
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Understanding the signal to noise ratio (SNR)
In my work, I came across the following expression of signal to noise ratio (SNR) which contains expectation operator.
The received sampling vector is
$\textbf{y}(n) = \textbf{h}s(n)+\textbf{u}(n)\tag{...
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Noise variance estimation
could anyone recommend some articles how to estimate noise variance for the single carriers system with burst mode transmission (preamble+data TDMA)?
My goal at the beginning is to develop skills how ...
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Compute SNR of a signal with not clear fundamental frequency in PSD
I'm trying to compute SNR from a signal in which by visual inspection I can guess the SNR but I cannot compute it because I cannot find the fundamental frequency of the signal as I should be.
On the ...
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Performance Effects of Dropping ADC Least Significant Bits before DSP processing (Besides the Obvious)
What would be the effect of dropping LSBs of an ADC on the performance of a DSP system apart from the obvious reduction in dynamic range. For example if there is a 14 bit ADC and only 10 bits are used,...
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SQNR vs SNDR (with regards to Delta Sigma Modulation)
With regard to delta-sigma modulation, I understand that SQNR is the ratio of the signal power within our frequency bandwidth to the noise power within our bandwidth (in-band quantization noise). What ...
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Interpreting SQNR from a Graph
I'm pretty confused about SQNR/SNR conceptually. I understand that this is a function of the power of the signal to the power of the noise. Is it not the case that we would be able to derive a value ...
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snr of awgn in matlab before and after filtration
I'm studying a system's transient characteristics with awgn added to an input signal and I need to calculate $\text{SNR}$ before and after filtration.
Here is my code to generate input and output:
<...
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Noise with a positive or negative mean
I am working on calculating the SNR for my network model.
Considering AWGN at the receiver with zero means, the SNR can be presented as
$$\text{SNR} = \cfrac{P \cdot|h|^2}{\sigma ^2}$$ where $P$ and $...
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Higher order M-FSK modem implementation
I am looking for the optimum modulation scheme to build a half-duplex modem minimizing the required SNR at the expense of bandwidth efficiency. The key system parameters are described below:
Target ...
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Why is Envelope noisy even after filtering and achievement of SNR gain (-6dB SNR to 14dB snr)?
A noisy signal with 500 MHz bandwidth, with negative SNR, when filtered to 6 MHz bandwidth, should attain a theoretical SNR gain of 20 dB. So if the original signal has -6 dB SNR, after filtering we ...
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INL-THD, DNL-SNR Relation
What do the following statements on pages 13 and 15 in this linked document mean?
DNL, a static specification, relates to SNR, a dynamic specification.
INL is a static specification and relates to ...
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Understanding the following formula of Throughput?
In massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) case, I came across the following formula of throughput:
$\tau_{ij} = \bigl[\displaystyle\sum_{j\in \mathcal{U}}x_{ij}\bigr]^{-1}W_i\text{log}(1+\...
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Calculating estimated ADC Noise Floor from given specifications
As per my current understanding, the ADC datasheets for modern high speed ADCs give the noise level measurements in terms of Noise Spectral Density (NSD) in unit of dBFS/Hz. Now to convert that value ...
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SNR ratio in radar for stationary targets
Is there a mathematical model which provides relationship between the Signal to Noise Ratio in radar measurements and velocity/range of targets. i.e.
How SNR varies with the speed of targets?
How SNR ...
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Es/N0 calculation on received symbols
What is the proper way to calculate the Es/N0 of demodulated and equalized symbols in simulation for BPSK and QPSK? I have seen various examples that include
calculating the standard deviation of the ...
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How to add quantization noise (SQNR) to thermal noise (SNR) in a total value?
How can I add the BAQ (Block Adaptive Quantizer) compression noise to the input SNR? In the end is a quantization noise to be added to a thermal noise. I got the following formulation, but I dont ...
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Order statistics: always applicable tool in wireless communication?
I have seen few papers where generalized order statistics is used to obtain statistics of the instantaneous SNR.
"Performance analysis of monostatic multi-tag backscatter systems with general ...
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Understanding mathematical representation of SINR
I am getting confused in SINR for the following received signal expression.
$$y(n) = (h+fg)s(n) + w(n) \tag{1}$$
Where $h,f,g$ are zero mean circularly symmetric Complex Gaussian (ZMCSCG) channels. ...
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Question on Signal to noise ratio (SNR)
I am trying to form the SNR expression for the system model but I am getting stucked due to presence of multiple antennas at receiver.
System model: It consists of one single antenna Transmitter, $L$ ...
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Relationship between the BER and the data rate?
I want compute data rate I can reach with my design of a nonlinear modulator. Matlab generates a modulated baseband signal (output of the modulator) and I can add a random signal as a noise to create ...
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Related to SNR when the channel is in the form of vector and matrix
In my system model there is a sensor (transmitter) with $M$ antennas and receiver with $Q$ antennas. The received signal expression is
$y_q(n) = (h_q+\textbf{f}_q\textbf{G}$)$s(n)$+$w_q(n)$----(1)
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Eb/N0 on a VLC simulation using OOK modulation
I have been doing a matlab simulation of a VLC (visible light communication) system that uses OOK for the modulator.
I have to explain the basic knowledge behing the simulation and I´m having lots of ...
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Understanding $E_b/N_0$ under different coding rates
I'm trying to understand the $\\E_b/N_o$ concept and how different coding rates affect it. I've read a bunch of topics, specifically this and this, but I'm still missing something to have a clear ...
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What is the intuition explaining the Shannon-Hartley theorem?
In the digital domain, the signal to noise ratio (SNR) may be interpreted loosely but usefully as the number of discrete or quantized levels one can transmit reliably. For instance, loosely speaking, ...
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Signal to noise ratio for time series audio data
I am writing some software to benchmark an audio noise filtering method using SNR as an evaluation metric. One software component generates noisey audio by taking a clean audio file and a noise source ...
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SNR calculation via autocorrelation
I am given the following task, however, I am lost conceptually, and require some assistance on the procedure.
Given raw noisy data where the signal is a single sinusoid and noise is a random content. ...
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How to judge the percentage of white noise and color noise when using typical SDR enviroment?
Per this question,I understand different result when noise occurs in time domain and frequency domain.
As to the system,has antenna+upconveter+USRPB210+laptop,...
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How to determine the CRLB for FFT based estimator with MATLAB?
I am trying to determine the CRLB for FFT-based frequency estimation in MATLAB. For this, I am simulating a single sinusoid in white noise with different amplitudes and constant noise power. Here is ...
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SNR estimation from a radar sensor signal
I am using a radar sensor for human activity monitoring which works on 3.18GHz. The received signal by the receiver of the sensor depends on the movements in its area of observation. All the activity ...
