Questions tagged [signal-analysis]
The processing of signals for the purpose of extracting a parameter or property embedded in a signal. Signal goes in and far fewer numbers come out.
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Understand carrier power, output power and dBC?
I have a question regarding the concept of carrier power, output power and power relative to carrier (dBc). Suppose I have a carrier frequency of 4Hz and signal bandwidth = 4 Hz. The signal span is ...
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Calculate a signal of brightness
I am new to signal processing. Currently, I am reading a paper regarding musical expression. The paper calculates brightness, and I want to reproduce their way of computing it. I was wondering if ...
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Understanding y=Hx+n equation in detail?
Consider a wireless communication system having $t$ transmitting antennas and $r$ receiving antennas. Then, the received signal is given by
$y = \mathbb{H}x+n \tag{1}$
where $\mathbb{H}$ is a $r \...
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Difference between AoA and DoA
I noticed a mixed usage of AoA (Angle Of Arrival) and DoA (Direction Of Arrival) and was quite confused about the exact distinction between AoA and DoA with respect to wireless signals. Reference to ...
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Python vs Matlab? Which one better for signal processing? [closed]
Python vs Matlab? Which one better for image processing?
The above link is for a question that was 2 years ago and was related to image processing
But what about signal processing these days?Python vs ...
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Optimization Problem in Graph Signal Processing to find edge weights
I am working on an application which consists of cross-roads and roads that connects them. In my design, I am using graph signal processing to estimate the importance of the roads which means edge ...
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What exactly happens in correlation?
I have understood convolution and it seems almost same as correlation mathematical expression wise. But in terms of signal processing,both are different operations.
The difference between convolution ...
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TDoA self-calibration with a single calibration emitter
I've recently asked a similar question aiming at the same problem on
Math.SE, for which I've set a bounty.
Problem.
I have a radio calibration transmitter with known fixed location $\langle t_x, t_y, ...
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Is the magnitude of the phase shift independent of the volume of the sound?
Sound waves can cause vibration of the particles/objects that are scattering/reflecting/emitting the light. Since vibration is spatial displacement, it causes a phase shift by affecting the value of &...
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How can the FIR filter remove the bias?
I was reading about Finite Impulse Response (FIR) and I read that it can remove the bias (offset) from signals, but I didn't understand how this can be achieved. Can you please help me to understand ...
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Doubt on Signal Processing Step
I am using a Radar Sensor. So applying Signal Processing on the Radar Sensor Data. PrevSample and PastSample are Radar IQ samples for a present and previous Sweep detecting tiny movement. In the ...
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Crash course on Sonar
I have some experience in Signal processing and a lot more in solving numerically the electromagnetic field integral equations using Matlab and C++.
Now I am curious about the Sonar (e.g., underwater) ...
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How to explain the meaning of the intersection in a Fourier series representation of periodic signals?
I saw a piece of code on github which transforms the planetary movement into the Fourier wave function.
These circles are given by the $x$ and $y$ ordinates: $x=\cos (\omega t)$, $y=\sin (\omega t)$, ...
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What is the sum $\sum_{m} e^{i (U_m k + \beta_m)} $ when $U$ and $\beta$ follow different distributions
I have the following function.
$$ x(k) = \sum_{m} e^{i (U_m k + \beta_m)} $$
$i = \sqrt{-1}$
Here, $U_m$ are samples drawn from a Gaussian random distribution.
$$ U_m \sim \mathcal{N}(\mu, \sigma) $$ ...
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What is the complexity of big-$O$ $O(N \times \mathrm{log}_2(N))$ vs real operations
I usually see books/references writing the complexity of such operations as $O(N \times \mathrm{log}_2(N))$; For example, the complexity of FFT/IFFT operation is $O(N \times \mathrm{log}_2(N))$. ...
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What is the relationship among digital filter cutoff frequency, signal frequency and filter settling time?
I have some general observations but I am asking if anyone can summarize more conclusively:
(1) Filter settles slower if the ratio between signal frequency and filter cutoff frequency is smaller;
(2) ...
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Condition for these sequences to be stationary correlated (tipp for integration of exponential functions)
I have two sequences $s$ and $r$ defined as :
$s = \{s_n\}_{n \in \mathbb{Z}}$ where $s_n(t) = (M_{\beta}^n s)(t) = s(t) e^{int}$ with arbitrary $s \in L^2(\mathbb{R})$ and $\beta > 0$
$r = \{r_n\}...
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N'-band channelizer (filter bank) via Sliding FFT
I'm trying to figure out how to perform N'-band channelizer for SSCA (strip spectral correlation analyzer) via sliding FFT. I understand that I have to take $N$ points of signal in time domain $x(t)$, ...
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How to identify sudden changes in signals?
There are instances when neural networks, after being trained continually on a subset of data, tend to drastically lose their performance. I've attached an image below depicting the same. I am looking ...
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How can I explain the result of of multiplications by matrices
I have a vector $x$ with size $N \times 1$, it's multiplied with a $Z$ matrix $N \times N$, the resulted $N \times 1$ vector is $y = Zx$. I know that each value of $y_i$, where $i = 0, 1, 2, .., N-1$ ...
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Expressing mathematically the number of real addition operation for a vector after dividing it
I assume I have the length of such vector $y$ is $N$. In the first time I divide that vector into two columns and then sum them point-wise summation. The second time, I divide the same vector $y$ ...
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What is the complexity of multiplication a real matrix with real vector
I have a real matrix $Z$ which is following the form as following:
$Z = \begin{bmatrix}
x_1& 0& 0& 0& 0& 0& 0& 0\\
0& x_2& 0& 0& 0 & 0&...
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convert from binary to hexadecimal according to the algorithm "keeloq"
Good afternoon. I have the key to my gate. I received its recording in the form of a PWM pulse train. Instead, I converted the impulses into binary code. Now I should get the hex numbers but it doesn'...
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In radar pulse analysis, why is the PRF of pulse not calculated using Fourier transform?
So, I am fairly new to this, but when going through books on Radar pulses, I noticed that quite often, a formula describing the frequency of the waveform is given. For example, the frequency of a ...
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Fourier transform of a top-hat function in the Faraday Measurement synthesis context
I'm currently trying to calculate the Fourier transform of a top-hat function in the context of Faraday Measurement Synthesis. This is pretty straightforward, however, I cannot understand why I cannot ...
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Allan variance and the bias
I was reading about the Allan-variance method and I have a question and I need some help to understand it. Since the Allan is about analyzing the frequency stability and it can characterize the IMU ...
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IMU data using ble protocol is in a weird format
I am working on IMU data, this data was collected using wrist watch under the protocol BLE the reading are non-interpretable for me:
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How to choose correctly oversampling ratio?
As many of us have noticed, last two months I am working on GMSK modulation and demodulation design. Before continuing my research, I want to be sure I chose the correct oversampling ratio ( how many ...
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Envelope of a series of pulsed signals [duplicate]
I need to record a series of pulse waves for an experiment. The recording is done via Software Defined Radio (GNU Radio). The pulse waves are modulated in such a way that the amplitudes of each single ...
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Examples & Applications of Quadratic Phase Coupling
Quadratic phase coupling is defined as follows:
Consider the signal $$ x(t) = A_{1} \cos(\omega_{1}t+ \phi_{1}) +
> A_{2}\cos(\omega_{2}t + \phi_{2}) $$ which is passed through the
quadratic ...
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Analysis of two audio signal by autocorrelation
I have recorded my audio by two hardware, PC and Microcontroller, I know the PC result are correct but my signal have some deficit. I have recorded by my PC and MCU my voice 6s 7812Hz and ...
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localization based on TDOA
To locate a transmitter, I use a localization based on TDOA(Chan's method) with 3 receivers. The results obtained are not effective. What is a possible solution to improve the localization accuracy ...
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Signal processing in Python vs C++ (band-pass filter)
I have implemented Python signal processing code using a butter bandpass filter and order 3. It is working pretty well.
I am required to implement the same signal ...
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What make sample rate affect QspectrumAnalyzer output?
Use QspectrumAnalyzer to analyze signal,set sample rate as 8M and 32M.
I get different output as below,32M sample rate cause ...
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Interpreting sensor noise data
Introduction :I am trying to create an EKF for an autonomous vehicle, and i need to model the error of the sensors. (I am a mechanical engineer so my knowledge on electric signals is limited).
The ...
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Does tsa function in matlab assume constant rpm in the same rotation?
I just ran the example code, stepped into the tsa function, and saw the line 139:
By looking at the code in the red box, it seems that MATLAB assumes constant rpm in the same rotation and evenly ...
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How to interpret arg min in the the following equation?
I am studying the following equation:
$$\hat{s}_m(n) = \arg \min_{s_m(n)\in A_s}\left| \frac{\psi_m^H}{||\psi_m^H||^2}y_m(n)-s_m(n)\right|^2\tag{1}$$
here $A_s$ is 1x$N$ vector of QPSK symbols, $s_m(n)...
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What is going wrong with the plot of 2D spatial spectrum at a specific frequency?
I've a set of 09 sensors in the following arrangement and the script for the sensor positions as follows:
...
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Standardizing signals from the same experiment setup with different recording tools
I've been looking to merge two datasets I have, that capture instances of the same phenomenon using two different recording tools. Both are multichannel electrical signals, but the recording tools ...
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Converting 2 variables (obtained by ICA decomposition) named A_ffdiag and W_ffdiag into mixing/unmixing matrix
I have two variables as a result of an ICA (Independent Component analysis) decomposition (decomposed using joint diagonalization algorithm which uses frobenius norm formulation) named A_ffdiag and ...
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gnuradio: eCPRI link implementation for LTE
Need to build eCPRI link in xRAN network between eRE and eREC devices.
In eRE I'm capturing via osmocom source (SDR device) and I have a stream of float32 complex IQ numbers as usual output. Now I am ...
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What is the way in which an audio signal is "cleaned"?
I was studying how signals can be "decompose" with the Frequency domain analysis and Fourier transforms; I have also read that through these actions it is possible to clean the signals from ...
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What can I do to improve the sound of a signal?
I want to improve the sound of my signal, I know I can do it by increasing or decreasing the amplitude of the signal itself. Are there any other ways to do this? How can I apply the Fourier transform ...
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When is the Fourier transform of a periodic discrete signal $\mathcal{F}x[k]$ the same as $x[k]$ up to a diagonal matrix
I am looking for all pairs $(x[n],q)$ where $x[n]$ is a periodic discrete signal with period $N$ and $q$ is a rational number satisfying the following identity:
$$\mathcal{F}x[k]=e^{i(q-\frac{\pi k}{...
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Are there any order analysis functions in Python?
I would like to perform the following order related tasks in Python:
Convert tachometer pulse signal to RPM signal (tachorpm)
Convert RPM signal to even-angle signal (orderwaveform)
Time synchronous ...
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What happens if I register my entry?
Taking as an example that I want to record my voice. How does it appear in the frequency spectrum? Can I also view it on other spectra?
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Laplace transform of derivative
Here is a short proof that Laplace Transform of $x'(t)$ is Laplace transform of $x(t)$ multiplied by s:
On the other hand, the proof that I know uses integration by parts:
One condition for the ...
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Order analysis on sample vibration data to detect unbalance in python
My main goal is to figure out how to do an order analysis in Python. For this I'm trying to do an order analysis in python to some sample vibration data I found here (with and without unbalance).
I ...
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Calculate the probability of error of two vectors
I am trying to calculate the probability of error of two vectors, for example the first one is transmitting a modulated data $x$ with modulation order $M$ as following $y_1 = [x \ \ 0]^T$ while the ...
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Confusion Understanding the mathematical expression of duality property of dft?
Duality Property for DFT
Above dsp.se question provides good understanding about dft duality property but i am having difficulty understanding its mathematical expression because on Google when i try ...
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