Signal Processing

Questions tagged [fading-channel]

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24 views

Related to successive interference cancellation?

I am trying to understand the following query: " Is it necessary to do channel estimation to perform successive interference cancellation at the receiver operating over fading channel" Any ...
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26 views

What are TDL and CDL channel models in principle, and which variation can be used for indoor and outdoor environment, respectively?

I am making a simulation using 5G-toolbox in Matlab. IN 5Gtoolbox we have two kind of channels, CDLChannel and TDLChannel. Now, CDL means Clusteresd Delay Line, and TDL means Tapped Delay Lines. But ...
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25 views

Frame synchronization for single carrier burst applications in fading channels

I recently started to implement communication systems with software-defined radios in GNU Radio. In my system design, I am planning to transmit data in burst mode, the frames will be not sequentially ...
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1answer
45 views

Log-normal shadowing and mean power

Let's assume I'm receiving a signal with power measured in dBm shadowed according to the normal distribution, i.e. $P_{\text{dBm}} \sim N(0,1) $. If there is also a normally distributed noise power $...
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1answer
30 views

How to depict small-scale fading effect using SDR boards?

In summary, I want to depict small-scale fading. I am using two HackRF One boards; one as transmitter and another as receiver. If I produce a signal (e.g. QPSK), what property of received signal ...
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2answers
77 views

Rayleigh Fading

I am calculating the capacity of $K$ channels between a transmitter and $N$ receivers in a cellular scenario. I use the following equation: $$C_n^k = B\log_2\left(1 + \frac{Ph_n^k}{N_0B + I_n^k}\right)...
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1answer
35 views

Related to channel power gain

I am having a doubt that why channel power gain is denoted by $|h|^2$. For example, if the signal received is $$y(n) = hx(n)+w(n)$$ where $x(n)$ is transmitted signal with power $P$ , $w(n)$ is AWGN ...
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2answers
43 views

How is the distribution of the received signal affected if the transmitted signal is changed from complex Gaussian to PSK

Suppose the received signal is $y(n) = h_0s(n)+w(n)$----(1) Where $h_0, s(n), w(n)$ all are distributed as zero mean complex Gaussian. Thus I know that $y(n)$ will also have the same distribution. If $...
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1answer
23 views

understanding the distribution of received signal

In one of the research paper following equations are given : $y(n) = h_0s(n)+w(n),d = 0$ $y(n) = h_1s(n)+w(n),d = 1$ where $n$ ranges from $1$ to $N$ and $h_0,h_1$ are wireless channel assumed as $\...
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35 views

Related to wireless channel fading

I am reading some papers wherein a wireless channel is assumed as zero mean circularly symmetric complex Gaussian (ZMCSCG) with unit variance and it is also mentioned that the channel undergoes ...
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1answer
46 views

related to random nature of wireless channel

I am reading An Approximate BER Analysis for Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems With Tag Selection wherein it is mentioned that "when the distance between two nodes is very small and line ...
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1answer
44 views

What is the meaning of the channel gain is normalized

Transmitting the signal $x$ over the channel $h$ and affected by noise $n$ can be expressed: $y = hx + n$ $h$ is the channel gain, that is known for me. I sometimes see phrases saying "when the ...
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1answer
68 views

bit reversed order of FFT matrix for channel estimation

Although the question seems similar to this one HERE, but what I want to ask about is little bit different. Assume we have a signal $X$ whose length is $N$x$1$, we convert that signal into time ...
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17 views

FWGN model and MATLAB implementation

I am studying channel modeling, at the moment, in the book: "MIMO-OFDM wireless communications with MATLAB", the explanation about the model is as follow: The code for generation of Doppler ...
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1answer
34 views

How is channel frequency response/channel state information related to free space path loss?

As we know, the path loss can be described by the equation as $$ \frac{P_{r}}{P_{t}}=D_{t} D_{r}\left(\frac{\lambda}{4 \pi d}\right)^{2} $$ In the OFDM system, such as Wi-Fi, there are infinite paths ...
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26 views

Simulating Rayleigh channel - Problem with adding channel coefficents

I am currently trying to simulate a Rayleigh channel using python (numpy). Full Jupyter Notebook on GitHub: Jupyter Notebook I assume that the channel changes with each new symbol. So I create myself ...
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44 views

About discrete time model for wireless channel

I am trying to understand Section 2.2.3 of the book "Fundamentals of wireless communication" by Tse and Viswanath. In this section the authors explain how to go from the continuous time ...
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33 views

Received signal's power under Raleigh fading

I am trying to understand how to calculate the power of a received signal under Raleigh fading. What I gather is that the Rayleigh fading is a complex Gaussian random variable and that the multipath ...
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80 views

Zero padding OFDM equalization

In ZP-OFDM, The convolution is linear. it's different from CP-OFDM which is circular convolution leading to have one tap equalizer in frequency domain. if I have a ZP-OFDM system, and we have a signal ...
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1answer
145 views

Fast/Slow Fading: How are doppler shift and coherence time related?

In the literature I've read that fast fading happens if the bit duration is larger than the coherence time of the channel. The coherence time of a channel is proportional to $\frac{1}{f_{Doppler}}$. ...
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1answer
47 views

Non Coherent BPSK with no Channel State Information at the receiver

Where or what is the proof for the failure of BPSK in fading channel when we have no knowledge of the fading coefficient $h$ at the receiver in the equation $y=hx+w$, where $x$ is BPSK symbol equally ...
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77 views

Compressive sensing based sparse vector estimation

I am newbie in compressive sensing (CS), I read about compressive sensing and its use for sparse vector estimation. As I understood CS can be used either in time or frequency domain. For me, The part ...
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1answer
31 views

Correlated fading channel: transmit and receive antenna correlation matrices

I am trying to create a non-i.i.d channel: correlated Rayleigh fading channel. $$ H= R_H \cdot H_o,$$ where $H_o$ is i.i.d. channel ( uncorrelated) and $ R_H$ is a channel correlation matrix, is ...
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0answers
130 views

Degrees of freedom in coding (for a communication channel)

I was reading on my lecture slides about how to achieve diversity (i.e. transmit more copies of the same message in order to avoid its corruption; this technique may be realized by repeating the ...
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1answer
30 views

Rayleigh fading channel as a scalar quantity [closed]

In most cases rayleigh channel is a vector. can a rayleigh channel be a scalar quantity i.e., can we have only one element in rayleigh fading channel.
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1answer
40 views

Is time varying channels same as circulary symmetric complex gaussian?

From the literature i understood that if the channel is non time varying then we can consider it as circularly symmetric complex gaussian distributed. So can we consider the same if the channel is ...
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1answer
33 views

Hf ionospheric channel model for large bandwidth

I know some models like the Watterson model for HF ionospheric channels but those are limited to narrow band frequencies. Are there some models to bandwidth like 12kHz up to 24 kHz?
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0answers
47 views

Detect orthogonal sequence with fading

For a set of $N$ orthogonal sequences $\textbf{A}^i = \{a_1^i,a_2^i,...,a_M^i\}, i =1 ..N$, the detection of these sequences can be done by calculating the inner product (dot product) of receive ...
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0answers
84 views

Is MMSE equalizer necessary?

For observation $y$, channel coefficient $h$ and gaussian noise $w \sim \mathcal{CN}(0,\sigma^2)$, $$y = hx + w \tag{1}$$ Note that for OFDM system, (1) is assumed channel input-ouput equation on ...
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2answers
105 views

Meaning: channel unknown and known at the transmiiter

What does "channel unknown" and "known at the transmitter" mean? In books about signal processing, it has always mentioned it if capacity or transmission (estimation) is discussed. I can't understand ...
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0answers
41 views

Why are the following two packet reception probabilities different?

https://www3.nd.edu/~mhaenggi/pubs/broadnets04.pdf In 3 page of this paper, the packet reception probability without interference is $e^{-\theta N Ad^2/ P}$. $\theta$ is sinr threshold. $N$ is a ...
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23 views

why if I want to create a rayleigh fading channel with $E[|H_{i,j}|^2]$,I should multiply $\sqrt{\frac{1}{N_R \times N_T}}$?

I want to create a rayleigh fading channel,and my classmate told me that I can create an $N_R \times N_T $ channel $\mathbf H$ with $E[|H_{i,j}|^2]$,that is,$\sqrt{\frac{1}{N_R \times N_T}}\times CN(0,...
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1answer
25 views

Small Scale Fading time varying or position varying

I would like to ask how small scale fading can affect a transmission with time. The particular system is an antenna transmitting an ASK modulated signal at 915MHz and with bandwidth between 200KHz to ...
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1answer
63 views

Notes or books to quickly get started on the basics of signal processing or wireless communication

I'll soon start working in signal processing, specially wireless communication systems. Hence I'd like to get a quick understanding of MIMO and related systems, for example, the topics like: 1) where ...
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0answers
64 views

Two different models of Rician fading

The amplitude of the signal in Rician fading case is characterized by the Rician distribution (let's call this model 1). However, the received power in Rician fading is sometimes modelled as (model 2)...
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1answer
2k views

channel gain calculation

I want to calculate the SINR term in an up-link of wireless communication system but there is different models for simulation. I want to know what is the exact meaning of $|h|^2$ in this formula: $\...
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2answers
51 views

Detecting multi-path propagation when one acoustic signal is dominant

I am sending an acoustic signal from a source to a receiver where there are limited number of paths the signal can travel. I want to detect if there has been multipath propagation or not when one path ...
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1answer
39 views

Assessing relative wireless channel quality using Capacity and Condition Number CDFs

I have Channel capacity analysis figures for two wireless channels show below: My question: While ergodic capacity in the first subplots are very clear in conveying the channel capacity, How to make ...
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1answer
207 views

Validating Jakes model in Rayleigh Fading channels

I am trying to validate the Jakes model by comparing the autocorrelation function given by $ \rho(\Delta t ) = J_{0}(2 \pi f_{d} \Delta t)$, where $ f_{d} $ is the maximum Doppler shift, $ J_{0} $ is ...
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1answer
52 views

What's the effect of spread spectrum on frequency- selective channel

In brief, we consider the channel as frequency-selective channel if the frequency of the signal is larger than then frequency of channel. So, does using the spreading spectrum change the frequency-...
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3answers
379 views

Explanation a flat fading channel in case MIMO OFDM

I am trying to understand flat fading and frequency selective channels. As I understood, in the case of flat fading channels MIMO channel elements, $h_{i,j}$, are random variables. Which assumption ...
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2answers
621 views

BER of QPSK modulation in Rayleigh fading channel model

i am having trouble deriving a BER analytical expression for QPSK modulation system operating in a Rayleigh Fading channel model. Could anyone direct me to a reference that would help in this matter. ...
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0answers
25 views

Channel models for wireless body area networks

To transmit a signal over wireless body area network, the signal is transmitted over a fading channel with additive white Gaussian noise. The channel model can be obtained from the IEEE standards. My ...
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1answer
764 views

Channel model: LOS Component and Rician K-factor

I am asking about Rician K- Factor in this model: I know that if $K=0$ then it is a pure Rayleigh fading, if $K= \infty$, then non fading Channel. What is it, if $0<K<\infty$ ? If i represet ...
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1answer
82 views

Channel estimation

In single-carrier systems, at the receiver, when we need to do channel estimation and equalization? Do we need to do before timing synchronization and CFO correction or before it? And, please let me ...
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1answer
47 views

Designing Rayleigh Fading Wireless Channel with particular properties [closed]

I have some information on particular wireless channel between an Access Point(AP) and K users as described in the picture below: How i can create this channel in Matlab?
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2answers
648 views

How to find the instantanous SNR over Fading channel

I would like to prove that the instantnous SNR of flat fading channel $$y=hx+n$$ is $$\gamma=\frac{|h|^2}{N_0}P$$ where $E\{z\}$ is the expectation of $z$ and $$ E\{x\}=P $$ $$ E\{n\}=0 $$ $$ E\{...
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1answer
95 views

channel estimation for cdma

I am looking for a method to make a multi-user channel estimation with CDMA. Here is my question: Is there a way to estimate multi-user channels with their spreading codes? If yes, what is the ...
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2answers
182 views

Digital communication BER performance

I've searched for the theoretical equations of bit error rate over Rayleigh flat fading channel basically for binary phase shift key and 16-Quadrature modulation but i didn't find them, could any one ...
3
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1answer
60 views

Questions about reproducing results of a paper on Communication Systems and Wireless Communication

I'm trying to reproduce the results of a paper on Device-to-Device Communication, channel assignment and mode selection (G. Yu, L. Xu, D. Feng, R. Yin, G. Y. Li and Y. Jiang, "Joint Mode Selection and ...

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