Questions tagged [digital-filters]
The digital-filters tag has no usage guidance.
48
questions
2
votes
1answer
494 views
How determine the delay in my signal practically
I am trying to practically determine filter group delay so that I can try to reduce or adjust for it. I have tried all kinds of methods but still can't get the right result. I know that theoretically ...
7
votes
2answers
25k views
Transfer function of second order notch filter
Can anyone mention the transfer function of second order notch filter to remove the line frequency of 50 Hz, in terms of frequency and sampling rate.
Just like for Low pass Butterworth filter as,
$$
...
22
votes
4answers
37k views
How many taps does an FIR filter need?
I am looking to design a set of FIR filters to implement a low pass filter. I am also trying to reduce the latency of the signal through the filter so I am wondering what the minimum number of taps I ...
12
votes
5answers
2k views
Why do digital filters work?
So I just started reading on FIR and IIR filters and am amazed by how "simple" the theory seems, so far.
But what confuses me is, why does filtering work by creating a weighted sum of previous ...
1
vote
2answers
1k views
FIR Filter Design - input parameters conversion
I am new to DSP and filter design. I have developed a code in C++ to calculate FIR coefficients using Parks-McClellan algorithm. The inputs to calculations are:
Filter type (Low-Pass, High-Pass)
...
1
vote
2answers
1k views
Different way to separate a particular frequency from a signal
Let's say I have a signal which is composed of 2Hz,10Hz,17Hz,19Hz and 25Hz discrete time sinusoidal waves and I need to allow only 17Hz component to pass.
As far as I know, the standard way to ...
1
vote
2answers
432 views
Eye pattern construction and interpretation
I have read some text about the eye pattern (or eye diagram), but I do not understand how should I read it.
The wikipedia definition of it is this one:
In telecommunication, an eye pattern, also ...
2
votes
2answers
197 views
Can I set a constraint on the first tap of an FIR filter such that its inverse is stable?
Let's say I have the following FIR filter $h[n]$, so the output $y[n]$ for an input $x[n]$ is
$$
y[n] = \sum_{k=0}^{m-1}x[n-k]h[k]
$$
The inverse of this filter is given by the IIR difference ...
6
votes
2answers
5k views
Exponential weighted moving average time constant
I think it is an easy question but I am stuck.
I want to derive that $$ \alpha = -e^{\frac{-T}{\tau}}\,. $$
Can someone provide me with an answer?
[EDIT] Sorry guys, this was really a senseless ...
1
vote
1answer
269 views
Precise Centre frequency of an All-pole digital filter
I'm not an engineer and have essentially taught myself all I know - this present problem is giving me some problems.
I have an all-pole filter (a gammatone filter - impulse response is essentially a ...
2
votes
2answers
15k views
determining type of filter given its pole zero plot
How can I classify a filter given its pole-zero map. For example I've got my zero's located at $\pm j$ and my poles located at $\pm\frac{1}{2}j$.
3
votes
2answers
8k views
Complex low pass filters
I am searching for documentation on the behaviour of complex low pass filters, and their application in telecommunications.
Thank you
1
vote
2answers
178 views
OFDM use a pulse shaping filter or not?
I've heard in various literature that band limited channels use pulse shaping filters. By the way, In OFDM it use a cyclic prefix to overcome ISI, so I wonder if OFDM does not use pulse shaping filter....
4
votes
1answer
928 views
How to include phase in a sinusoidal Kalman Filter
I start with the equation for sinusoidal motion with an offset and differentiate to get the 2nd order ODE describing the motion of the object.
\begin{align}
x &= A\sin(\omega t + \phi) + O\\
\dot{...
4
votes
1answer
662 views
What's Logic Behind the Construction of Sobel's Filter in Image Processing?
I am basically very new to this image processing field. I am presently working on edge detection on colour images. While learning the basics of edges and edge detection in images, I encountered image ...
2
votes
1answer
1k views
Minimum phase FIR method
I am trying to make a minimum phase filter (in wxMaxima) according to these steps:
first create a "normal" FIR (a simple sinc, wc=0.4, random example, but in the pictures a remez with Octave)
...
1
vote
0answers
168 views
Basic “filtering” in digital communications
I am completely stuck on solving some problems for my digital communications class. Junior level undergrad class, so fairly basic. I have been searching around all day for related articles etc but can'...
1
vote
1answer
295 views
Shall a $1^{\rm st}$ order IIR filter include $x[n-1]$ term?
I have seen a $1^{\rm st}$ order IIR filter in the following form:
$$y[n] = \alpha x[n] + (1 - \alpha) y[n - 1]$$
Such as: another post in this forum
However, the filters generated by Matlab, such ...
14
votes
2answers
3k views
Is a high-passed signal the same as a signal minus a low-passed signal?
My question is, if I want to high-pass a signal, is it the same as low-passing a signal and subtracting it from the signal? Is it theoretically the same? Is it practically the same?
I have searched (...
7
votes
1answer
1k views
Digital filter coefficients from low-pass to high-pass
Given I have coefficients a0, a1, a2, b1, and b2, defining the difference equation for a digital filter as:
...
3
votes
1answer
3k views
Difference between $\tt freqz()$ and $\tt plot(abs(fft()))$ in MATLAB
I've plotted the response of a high-pass filter x=[1 -1];
freqz(x) gave me
where as the magnitude plot for the ...
3
votes
2answers
369 views
Alias-free digital nonlinear filter design
@Jazzmaniac has a good answer to the question of how to design an alias-free digital nonlinear time-invariant filter here: https://dsp.stackexchange.com/a/28787/18276
Basically, according to that ...
2
votes
3answers
3k views
What is the filter with the less phase shift?
I have to analyze a dynamic signal but there is too much noise so I applied low pass filter but then there is too much phase shift.So what is the most reactive filter I can apply to my signal ?
Best ...
5
votes
2answers
2k views
What is the largest "safe" order for the digital Butterworth filter of a given signal?
Say I want to apply a zero-phase Butterworth bandpass filter, implemented in MATLAB using butter and filtfilt. So, for an order-$...
3
votes
1answer
2k views
Calculation frequency response of digital filter with known structure
Short question
What are main stages (steps) of calculation frequency response of digital filter by their structure?
Detailed question
Let suppose that there is discrete FIR filter with known ...
2
votes
1answer
180 views
Frequency conversion in IIR lowpass-to-lowpass transformation
We use
$\ z^{-1} \xrightarrow{} \frac{z^{-1}-\alpha}{1-{\alpha}z^{-1}}$
and
$ \alpha = \frac{\sin(\omega_c^{'}-\omega_c)/2}{\sin(\omega_c^{'}+\omega_c)/2}$
for a lowpass-to-lowpass frequency ...
0
votes
1answer
520 views
Correcting Impulse Invariance Method
I'm trying to find out if the correction (Jackson, Nelatury, Mecklenbräuker) could improve the (IIM based) filter response near Nyqvist.
Here's my c++ routine (which is used for to calculate various ...
0
votes
2answers
1k views
How to find lattice coefficients of all pole IIR filter with filter coefficient $k_m$ is 1?
Given the following system function
$$ H(z) =\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{3}z^{-1}+\frac{5}{8}z^{-2}+\frac{2}{3}z^{-3}+z^{-4}} \tag{1} $$
We have to draw lattice structure for above system function
The ...
7
votes
5answers
7k views
What Is the Transfer Function of a Moving Average (FIR Filter)?
To make post-processing easier, I export scope measurements as CSV files, which are then post-processed (mostly in Microsoft Excel, which is not the best tool for the job, but it is all I have at my ...
3
votes
2answers
491 views
Question about zero-phase filter bank
I found what I believe is a valid solution to the following assignment problem but the answer is bothering me.
Let $$H_0(z) = 1+2z^{-1}+3z^{-2}+2z^{-3}+z^{-4}\quad\textrm{and}\quad H_1(z)=H_0(-z).$$...
3
votes
1answer
960 views
How does parallel structure implementation of IIR speed up the process ? What happens in case of FIR?
I was learning about digital filter structures and there I came to know that parallel implementation of IIR filters speeds up the process and I understand that.But what I am not convinced of is that ...
2
votes
0answers
96 views
How to read the filter IIR design numericals specifications?
First of all I want to let you know about notations that I am using-:
$\alpha_p$=attenuation factor of passband(in dB)
$\alpha_s$=attenuation factor of stopband (in dB)
$A_p$=Gain at passband edge ...
2
votes
2answers
1k views
Resampling a digital sound signal
As a non maths-pro, I'm looking for some pointers.
I am rewriting the audio core in my emulator to improve accuracy, and am getting a bit stuck on the specifics of the technique.
I am trying to ...
2
votes
2answers
1k views
3 dB cut-off frequency of first-order IIR high-pass filter
As descipbed in this great answer (thank you Matt L.), the suggested exact formula was very precise.
I need a first order high-pass with similar precision.
EDIT: (clarification)
The low-pass filter ...
1
vote
1answer
297 views
How to match zero-pole diagrams to their frequency responses (Discrete Time)
I get confused when there are a lot of zeros/poles in the zero-pole diagram and I find difficulty understanding their frequency response.
I know the following:
1. Complex conjugates cause double ...
1
vote
1answer
149 views
Applying a lowpass filter to a noisy square signal leads to a shift of the signal
My knowledge of analog and digital signal analysis is behind me.. thus I do not have enough confidence in my procedure to analyze my signal, and I do not know which direction to pursue to improve. I'm ...
1
vote
1answer
77 views
How to remove the bump from the signal using filters?
I want to have only the slope of the signal. How can I do? I have tried to apply some filters but so far I have not been able to hit the nail on the head. I use Matlab.
1
vote
1answer
264 views
dealing with Huge Length (Order) FIR filters
I'm studying a project.
My signal is audio 8KHz Mono, 8 bits in Low frequencies 70Hz until 1200Hz.
When I perform the calculus with the transition band is very narrow (Transition Frequency) my Order ...
1
vote
4answers
148 views
What is the correct gain of an RRC Filter?
Breaking my brain all morning with this reading previous questions and googling ...
I have made an RRC filter from the equation on wikipedia. It works fine and I compared it to commpy library in ...
1
vote
3answers
858 views
Digital filter selection for sensor
I am having a LM35 sensor which gives $10\textrm{ mV}$ signal per degree rise of temperature. Now I have one question, which digital filter will be the best for this ?
This sensor will be use in very ...
1
vote
1answer
524 views
How can I get the continuous-time transfer function coefficients (or poles and zeros) from the corresponding discrete-time TF and vice versa?
Let's say I have a continuous time transfer function which I know its numerator coefficients $(B^c = [b^c_m, ..., b^c_1, b^c_0])$ and denominator coefficients $(A^c = [a^c_m, ..., a^c_1, a^c_0])$. ...
0
votes
2answers
124 views
0
votes
1answer
57 views
Extract a signal that is known to repeat every 4 samples at a known phase i.e. exactly 500 Hz signal in 2000 Hz data
I have a situation that the measurement device is generating a known signal in the data at 1/4 of the rate. In this case that is a 500 Hz signal when sampling at 2000 Hz.
Now I can extract the 500 Hz ...
0
votes
1answer
273 views
Low pass to low pass transformation coefficient?
I am unable to solve this question, 10.10 from GATE IN 2004 (a previous year question paper for an exam targeted at engineering graduates in India.)
So I tried to solve the 10.10 by considering the ...
0
votes
1answer
2k views
How to prove a filter has linear phase response?
I have designed an FIR filter to have linear phase response using odd-symmetry design. The coefficients of this filter are {2,1,3,1,0,-1,-3,-1,-2}. I am now being asked to prove it has linear phase ...
0
votes
2answers
134 views
Interpolation and harmonics
A real valued causal sequence $x1[n]$ exists with length of the sequence being $N$.
Valid indices of x conform to $0 \le n \le N-1 $
The DFT of x[n] is:
$$
X1[k] = \sum_{n=0}^{N-1} x1[n].e^{-j.2.\...
0
votes
1answer
173 views
CIC Filter implementation for Normalized Correlation
This is a follow-on to the original post ...
I am trying to implement real-time correlation of two signals. I noticed the CIC Filter discussion here:
How to find correlation/cross-correlation of two ...
-4
votes
2answers
175 views
Can digital filters actually separate signals?
I've come to realize what appears to be a hard limit in convolution theorem: to avoid time-domain aliasing, we must pad the signal/filter, but the padding distorts the spectrum.
Consider a ...
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