Questions tagged [digital]
The digital tag has no usage guidance.
138
questions
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0answers
22 views
How can I automate the calculation for P and I coefficients of an FPGA-based digital PLL?
I am working on designing an FPGA-based PLL through an NI myRI0-1900 FPGA and LabVIEW software. I have been able to create a functioning PLL with a PI loop filter, and but I found functioning P and I ...
-1
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0answers
24 views
Analog and digital signals [closed]
5.a. An analog waveform with W=10 KHz is quantized with q=8 levels with a sampling frequency of 24 kHz and transmitted via binary PCM. Calculate the minimum transmission bandwidth required.
b. What is ...
0
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0answers
36 views
MAP Estimation Problem for Frequency Band Occupancy Calculation
Consider designing a wireless communication system. Your communication link is not iso- lated in the environment, there are other similar devices trying to communicate in the same general frequency ...
0
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1answer
46 views
Decoder implementation
Im struggling to implement / build convolutional decoder .
I've done implementation of FEC encoder which it's as shown in the photo below:
So this is the encoder that I've implemented, and I want to ...
0
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1answer
41 views
Hw does a digital piano work?
I know someohow it combines different harmonics to synthsis note, but I don't exactly know how this happens. Does digital piano use pwm to synthesis a note?
0
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0answers
32 views
For an LTI system, the zeos and poles are defined in the z plane. How to add additional poles and zeroes so LTI system is real valued?
The question already has a zero and a pole in the complex plane. It is asking to add additional zero and pole so LTI becomes zero valued.
zeros=-1/2 + 1/2 i , poles = -1/3 -1/3 i .
What I understand ...
1
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1answer
132 views
Are there analog re-configurable filters?
I know that we can build a chip (or circuit) or use FPGA to have re-configurable digital filters. But how about analog filters, can we have re-configurable analog filters?
thanks
0
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0answers
12 views
Computing White Speckle Metric in a Document Image
The paper 'Metric-based No-reference Quality Assessment of Heterogeneous Document Images', discusses about measuring the quality of characters in a document image. I'm having difficulty to understand ...
1
vote
1answer
73 views
Discrete signal vs digital signal?
Is there any difference between the two?
When we say discrete signal, does it only imply that the x-axis or time is discrete? Or it can also mean discrete amplitudes on the y-axis?
Or is the signal ...
1
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0answers
14 views
What are the applications of Non Unique Factorization Domain (Non-UFD) in signal processing? [closed]
Let $m$ be a composite, and $\mathbb{Z}_m$ is the residual ring of modular $m$. The $\mathbb{Z}_m$ is clearly a Non-UFD. What are the applications of the polynomial with coefficients defined on $\...
0
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1answer
23 views
Combining CDMA with differential Manchester-like encoding?
I wonder to which extend it is possible to combine a self-clocking code (like Differential Manchester encoding) with synchronous CDMA, and how it would be done?
Suppose I want to receive some bits ...
1
vote
2answers
159 views
Sampling and Reconstruction of digital signal in Matlab
I'm trying to write a program in Matlab that samples (using Nyquist theorem) and recovers signal. However, I cannot write sampling part for sum of 2 signal.
...
1
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2answers
124 views
Z-Transform and DFT
I have $$H(z) = \frac{\left[b_0 + b_1 \cdot z^{-1}\right]}{\left[1 + a_1z^{-1} + a_2 \cdot z^{-2}\right]}$$.
Why is it that I can calculate the spectrum between $0$ and $0.5 \cdot f_s$ by calculating ...
0
votes
1answer
31 views
How the Grayscale images are converted back to RGB?
In case of RGB to grayscale conversion we take the average of R,G,B channels and convert them to Grayscale which has songle channel. How to convert back the Grayscale to RGB ??
0
votes
1answer
37 views
Obtaining a high sample rate digital approximation to an analog filter from lower frequency measurements
Consider a set of dense, but generally irregularly-spaced frequency response measurements of some real low-pass analog filter. Denote the maximum frequency for which a frequency response measurement ...
0
votes
1answer
25 views
Two-GSMK channels demodulation: 3dB difference in BER
I am trying to demodulate individually two GSMK channels separeted by 50kHz (one channel = 25kHz).
I am working on a limited ressources hardware so I decided to make some optimization on the signal ...
0
votes
1answer
66 views
Digital beamforming and phase shift stage insertion
I have read some literatures about the different topologies of beamforming and it came to my mind a question : where is applied the phase shift for each channel depending on the type of topology/...
1
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1answer
49 views
phase response of an analog filter
I am trying to understand the relation between phase response of an analog filter and its influence on the quality of a signal with PSK modulation.
For example I want to design a BPF for HF ...
0
votes
1answer
31 views
inter symbol interference vs digital modulation
I am a little confused after my lecture today. My professor started off with explaining what inter symbol interference (ISI) is and he ended the lecture talking about the different types of digital ...
1
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0answers
29 views
How can we do exact simulation for digital systems? [closed]
In digital control system, there are two basic techniques for finding the best digital controller.
First, called the discrete equivalent, we find the continuous compensation and then discretize (best ...
0
votes
1answer
202 views
The selection of the amplitude of the signal, consisting of rectangular pulses, at different frequencies
I already asked a similar question, but did not receive an answer and did not find a solution, I want to make another attempt to get to the bottom of the truth.
There is a signal consisting of ...
0
votes
1answer
68 views
Carrier and timing offset
Assume my reference is 1 ppm so if my transmit frequency is 400 MHz and
symbolrate is 100 kHz.
Then, my carrier will have +/- 400 Hz offset and then my symbol will have +/-0.001 Hz offset. Similarly,...
0
votes
1answer
46 views
How to quantify phase distortion of a filter specific to a signal?
For example, a EKG input signal is filtered with a known transfer function that does not have linear phase. How do you quantify the phase distortion of the output signal given you have the input? I ...
0
votes
2answers
57 views
Length of DFT defines whether I see the harmonic or the dominant frequency
I have a number of signals that are periodic. I use an fft transformation to obtain the dominant frequency of each signal. In order to increase the frequency resolution I zero pad the signal before ...
1
vote
1answer
223 views
When calculating SNR, is noise included in signal?
Given a signal $x(t) = s(t) + n(t)$ where $s(t)$ is the desired signal voltage and $n(t)$ is the noise, should the signal to noise ratio of this signal be 20log(xrms/nrms) or 20log(srms/nrms)? i.e., ...
0
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1answer
196 views
How would I calculate the DC Gain for a Chebyshev Type 2 filter?
I'm currently working on an implementation of a Chebyshev Type 2 filter but the gain is all over the place when playing around with the order and ripple. I haven't found anything online but (as far as ...
0
votes
1answer
65 views
Frequency response plot and actual behavior of a digital Butterworth LPF
I have been struggling with a not-too-high (2nd) order digital Butterworth low-pass filter both in SciPy and MatLab (latest of both).
The intention is to apply this filter on signals with different ...
0
votes
1answer
41 views
What are the definitions of symbols and samples related to PCM?
What are the definitions of symbols and samples related to PCM? For example in binary encoding $\{0,1\}$ with 8 levels of quantization, is one symbol either of $ \ 0 \ or \ 1\ $? or is it the ...
4
votes
2answers
198 views
What Is the Correct Way to Apply Richarson Lucy Deconvolution to Luminance Data?
My question concerns the Richardson–Lucy deconvolution algorithm, which is described in Richardson's original paper. I am interested in applying it in the context of a raw image converter for digital ...
0
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2answers
222 views
Determine the Given system is linear or nonlinear [closed]
Does the following define a linear or nonlinear system?
$$ y(n) -4 y(n)y(2n)=x(n) $$
1
vote
1answer
97 views
Design of efficient digital interpolation filter
I came across this paper entitled "Design of Efficient Digital Interpolation Filters and Sigma-Delta Modulator for Audio DAC" where the author oversamples an input frequency, fsig = 1kHz with ratio L =...
-1
votes
2answers
523 views
Why is the fft magnitude spectra of sine not symmetric?
I thought that the magnitude spectra of real signals was symmetric.
When I take the absolute value of the fft of a sine wave the result is not symmetric. There seems to be a peak at the first ...
0
votes
1answer
50 views
Understanding Baud Rate
I am new to signal processing and just trying to understand what Baud rate really means.
As I understand it, the baud rate speed is really the time that the processor takes when it is ON and when it ...
0
votes
1answer
78 views
digital phase lead algorithm
I have two sine signals A and B which are simultaneously sampled at 2500 Hz using ADC. Through oscilloscope, I find that signal B lags A by about 5 degrees. I would like to digitally lead signal B to ...
1
vote
1answer
76 views
Training Fractionally Spaced Channel Estimator and Equalizer
If you are attempting least squares channel estimation with a fractionally spaced channel estimator, do you want the training sequence to also be fractionally spaced or symbol spaced? It looks like ...
1
vote
1answer
585 views
polyBLAMP anti-aliasing in C++
How should 4 point polyBLAMP work. It does not really seem to dampen aliasing.
I have an floating point digital audio oscillator that makes a +1.0f jump at the end of every period.
My question is, ...
0
votes
1answer
46 views
Can we band-limit a PCM signal? Is it even relevant to relate a totally Analog term(Band limit) with digital one(PCM)
Can we band-limit a PCM signal?
1
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1answer
204 views
Follow up question regarding: “Complex sampling can break Nyquist?”
I'm having some trouble understanding the sample rate limitations when considering a complex baseband signal.
I understand (based on the linked SE questions below), the either (1) physically ...
0
votes
1answer
119 views
Using Matlab/Simulink to build Reader based on Software Define Radio
I am a student. I want to learn about Software Defined Radio to build a Reader for Saw tag and simulate them on Matlab/Simulink.
These bocks below is what I want to build in Matlab/Simulink
I found ...
1
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1answer
154 views
Modulating ofdm in audio spectrum
Trying to modulate audio with OFDM data.
My fs = 44.1khz, i'm using 64 sub-carriers, but i'm only using 5 sub-carriers for data, so my bandwidth is about 3.445khz. I'm not sure how to properly write ...
1
vote
1answer
54 views
How do I add more resolution / taps to an analog -> digital filter?
(I am trying to create an IIR audio filter that adds reverb to an initial sample)
Say I designed an analog filter to model acoustic attenuation based on the following mathematical model:
$$
I = I_0 ...
1
vote
1answer
192 views
How does cascading low pass modules affect pass band ripples?
This question 10.21 is taken from GATE IN paper 2015.
I don't understand the answer given,
I mean why is the frequency response at the pass band frequency considered to be $(1-\delta)$, isn't the ...
1
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0answers
66 views
Noise Shape Digital Filter
My objective is to build a noise shape filter from a given transfer function (in one case) and from a given PSD (for another case). Checking my precedent questions you can see that this argument is ...
0
votes
1answer
1k views
BIBO Stability in Z-domain
I'd really appreciate it if someone could please explain to me the condition for a LTI system to be BIBO stable, in z-domain.
I have a background in control, and in linear control for example, if we ...
-1
votes
1answer
159 views
Digital Derivative
I need to calculate the derivative of a digital signal (sinusoidal). In one of the papers they have mentioned Gilbert transformation is used to calculate the derivative. But I have searched in the net ...
2
votes
1answer
905 views
Block Diagram for a difference equation
I have this little doubt regarding how to draw a block diagram representation of a difference equation. Let us implement $ y(n) = ay(n-3) + by(n-2)+cy(n-1) + x(n)$ in block diagram where $a, b, c$ are ...
1
vote
1answer
184 views
Why are binary signals drawn continuous in time despite being a digital signal
The conventional definiton of a Digital signal is as follows:
A digital signal is a signal that is discrete in time and quantized in amplitude. Almost all resources (textbooks, online sources,etc) ...
0
votes
1answer
132 views
confusion between frequency and amplitude in digital to analog and vice versa conversion
bandwidth is defined as the difference between the highest frequency and lowest frequency.
amplitude is the distance between the, let's call it a crest and a trough, in a wave.
cycle is the time per ...
2
votes
3answers
95 views
Why must the angle contain $\pi$ for $\cos$ be periodic?
The $\cos(\frac{n}{6})$ is aperiodic, and $\cos(\frac{n\pi}{6})$ is periodic, why? What role does the $\pi$ play? By the way, $n$ must be integer
I have seen this question,Why is cos(n/6) aperiodic? ...
0
votes
1answer
59 views
Glitches in certain frequencies
I am trying to produce some simple audio waves using WASAPI (Windows Audio Session API). If I skip all the abstractions, my program basically receives a buffer from the API, then writes results of a ...
