Questions tagged [digital]
The digital tag has no usage guidance.
165
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What does the frequency domain of bipolar Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI) look like?
Someone said to me that Bipolar AMI is not low-pass; it does not include the 0Hz in its frequency domain. I doubt that that is the case.
However, at present I am unable to do Fourier transformations. ...
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What method is used in DSP to determine which discrete time frequency another frequency aliases to?
I am reading a DSP textbook and I am on the sampling portion. I understand that a discrete time frequency greater than 1/2 will alias to frequencies in the interval -0.5 to 0.5 and other frequencies ...
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108
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How to find sampling frequency in aperiodic signal?
I have a signal that is $x(t)=e^{-3/t^2}+2\cos(3\pi t^3)$ and I'm trying to find its proper value for fs. But I couldn't find a way on how to do it. I'm working on an interval $0<=t<=2$ and $x(t)...
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Band pass filter = Band stop filter if you switch the cutoff frequencies?
The normalized frequency response of a N points bandpass digital filter is:
$\frac{sin(\omega_{c2}(n-M))}{\pi(n-M)}-\frac{sin(\omega_{c1}(n-M))}{\pi(n-M)}$ where $\omega_{c1}$ is the normalized lower ...
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72
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Learning transceiver algorithms
I want to learn basic transceiver algorithms.
I already have a good grasp of the mathematics and statistics involved, so I am primarily interested in algorithms.
Any books or site recommendations, so ...
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488
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I have a doubt regarding FFT size in 5G NR 60 MHz Bandwidth
maximum RBs for 60MHz with SCS = 30 kHz is defined to be 162 RBs, so NSubcarriers is 162 x 12 = 1944, 1944 < 2048. Then NFFT size for 60 MHz bandwidth with SCS = 30 kHz should be 2048 instead of ...
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38
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Phase Unwrapping [duplicate]
I'm also quite new to world of radar signal processing. I don't understand why we have to make phase unwrapping process. Could you light in me about it? It would be nice conversation speak about it.
I ...
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112
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Is the Final value theorem applicable for some non-causal signals?
A digital signal $x[n]$ is zero at odd sample numbers and one at even sample numbers.
What will be the value of this Signal at $n = \infty$?
Not exactly sure, but I thought that infinity (as a integer)...
2
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18
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How to emulate lower resolution digitized data (higher step-size)
I am a statistician by training, and I am very new to signal processing, but I would appreciate some help and patience!
Suppose I have a digitized signal measured at a given frequency, range, ...
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119
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Sampling Precision, Jitter, and PID
I am having difficulty understanding the effect of quantization noise and ADC resolution in a digital PID controller.
I am also trying to understand the effects of sampling jitter on a PID controller.
...
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359
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USRP N210 Main clock rate and The transmission signal Sampling Rate
I am testing the transmission and receiving signal using two USRP N210. The communication setting as follows:
...
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823
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Do the digital filter coefficients need to be forced to sum to 1.0?
I coded a digital filer in Matlab based on equations I found for a Martin-Graham (low pass type). It looks like it is working. So I want to smooth some data and then calculate the first derivative. ...
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2
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1
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119
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Standardize fft amplitude with different encodings
I'm trying to "standardize" the results of the fast Fourier transformation. I've one wav with two peaks (3000 and 3300 Hz) saved with three different encodings(int16, float32, int32).
And ...
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114
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Confusion implementing Quantization in MATLAB?
I am quantizing a continuous time signal in three different cases(using different number of bits)
But Why i am getting same quantized signal in xq2 and xq3,despite using different values of D(...
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346
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Can a digital signal has 3 three values(1,0 and -1)?
Typically digital signals are seen having only two values,but is it possible that a digital signal has three values(1,0 and -1)?as shown highlighted in attached snapshot,which has been extracted from ...
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Why is Line coding called "Line coding"?
Guys do you now why line coding also called digital base band modulation named "line coding" where does it come? and how is the name related to modulation
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What sampling frequency should I use if Nyquist is not available?
I have the following homework question that confuses me:
We have an audio emitter that can emit two signals:
It either emits a sine wave at 23 kHz or it emits a sine wave at 25 kHz.
The receiver has ...
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How to recover modulation symbols？
I am using GNURadio to send and receive a limited number of modulation symbols. I have constructed the following flow chart:random source(no repeat)->chuncks to symbols(file sink1)->polyphase ...
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1
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Dual functional integrated Digital Cathode Ray Oscilloscope and Digital Multimeter product
Is it feasible to design & construct a Dual functional integrated Digital Cathode Ray Oscilloscope and Digital Multimeter products in a single product?
Idea is to integrate the Digital Multimeter ...
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60
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Phase Error Growth in Digital Mixer Signal
I am working on a code where digital mixing is to be performed for down-conversion of incoming signal. The mixer signal is created using the phase accumulation approach. However it was observed that ...
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Speaker Walkaround
Does anyone know what Speaker Walkaround means in context of a digital amplifier?
Also how is this test performed?
Lastly, how is it different from Load Diagnostics in Amplifiers?
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1
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315
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Why symbols have to be upsampling, if the symbol rate and sample rate is same what happen?
In digital modulation process, after constellation mapping and before pulse shaping, the symbols are upsampled with the number L(samples per symbol). At this moment, why symbol have to be upsampled, ...
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Balance Fader in Digital Amplifiers
What is the purpose of Balance / Fader in a digital Audio amplifier?
In a signal flow what is the most apt position to place balance and fader(for example after before a compressor unit or at the ...
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91
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Centre channel derivation using correlation
I would like to know the algorithm for how centre channel is derived from rejecting left and right channel in audio upmixing process.
Can someone explain intuitively rather than hard hitting ...
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35
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Is there a separate word for the time domain when working with digital signals?
Typically the phrase "time domain" implies an analog signal x(t), but I've also seen it referring to a digital signal x[n]. Is there any phrase that refers to x[n], but not x(t)?
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Why is phase range between $-\pi$ and $+\pi$ (instead of $0$ and $2\pi$)?
I wonder why the phase range in DSP applications is between $-\pi$ and $+\pi$.
For example, why is that not between $0$ and $2\pi$?
This question popped when I was reading about synchronization in ...
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174
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Wave Digital Filter Bridge-T Resonator implementation, gives expected cutoff frequency but incorrect gain and roll-off
Trying to implement the WDF in Fig 5(a) of this publication. The response of the ideal op-amp implementation is given by the black curve in Fig 7:
Here is the plot I get when trying to implement the ...
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376
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how to convert SPL in dBA to dB
I wonder how I can convert dBA (A weighted) to dB and vice versa.
can anybody provide any kind of table or online conversion app?
thanks
following formula comes from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-...
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202
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Band limited discrete signals division
If I take two analog, band limited signals $ x(t) $ and $ y(t) $ with non-zero $y(t)$ I can define the division:
$$
z(t) = \frac{x(t)}{y(t)}
$$
In general $z(t)$ may have a very wide bandwidth, also ...
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116
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Find which signal was transferred in 32QAM
I've been assigned to solve a problem for 32QAM signals. The thing is, there are little to none sources in my native language to get any decent information on the topic.
The problem is (in its ...
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How can I automate the calculation for P and I coefficients of an FPGA-based digital PLL?
I am working on designing an FPGA-based PLL through an NI myRI0-1900 FPGA and LabVIEW software. I have been able to create a functioning PLL with a PI loop filter, and but I found functioning P and I ...
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MAP Estimation Problem for Frequency Band Occupancy Calculation
Consider designing a wireless communication system. Your communication link is not iso- lated in the environment, there are other similar devices trying to communicate in the same general frequency ...
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79
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Decoder implementation
Im struggling to implement / build convolutional decoder .
I've done implementation of FEC encoder which it's as shown in the photo below:
So this is the encoder that I've implemented, and I want to ...
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55
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Hw does a digital piano work?
I know someohow it combines different harmonics to synthsis note, but I don't exactly know how this happens. Does digital piano use pwm to synthesis a note?
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For an LTI system, the zeos and poles are defined in the z plane. How to add additional poles and zeroes so LTI system is real valued?
The question already has a zero and a pole in the complex plane. It is asking to add additional zero and pole so LTI becomes zero valued.
zeros=-1/2 + 1/2 i , poles = -1/3 -1/3 i .
What I understand ...
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174
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Are there analog re-configurable filters?
I know that we can build a chip (or circuit) or use FPGA to have re-configurable digital filters. But how about analog filters, can we have re-configurable analog filters?
thanks
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831
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Discrete signal vs digital signal?
Is there any difference between the two?
When we say discrete signal, does it only imply that the x-axis or time is discrete? Or it can also mean discrete amplitudes on the y-axis?
Or is the signal ...
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What are the applications of Non Unique Factorization Domain (Non-UFD) in signal processing? [closed]
Let $m$ be a composite, and $\mathbb{Z}_m$ is the residual ring of modular $m$. The $\mathbb{Z}_m$ is clearly a Non-UFD. What are the applications of the polynomial with coefficients defined on $\...
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Combining CDMA with differential Manchester-like encoding?
I wonder to which extend it is possible to combine a self-clocking code (like Differential Manchester encoding) with synchronous CDMA, and how it would be done?
Suppose I want to receive some bits ...
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2
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1k
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Sampling and Reconstruction of digital signal in Matlab
I'm trying to write a program in Matlab that samples (using Nyquist theorem) and recovers signal. However, I cannot write sampling part for sum of 2 signal.
...
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2
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457
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Z-Transform and DFT
I have $$H(z) = \frac{\left[b_0 + b_1 \cdot z^{-1}\right]}{\left[1 + a_1z^{-1} + a_2 \cdot z^{-2}\right]}$$.
Why is it that I can calculate the spectrum between $0$ and $0.5 \cdot f_s$ by calculating ...
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785
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How the Grayscale images are converted back to RGB?
In case of RGB to grayscale conversion we take the average of R,G,B channels and convert them to Grayscale which has songle channel. How to convert back the Grayscale to RGB ??
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Obtaining a high sample rate digital approximation to an analog filter from lower frequency measurements
Consider a set of dense, but generally irregularly-spaced frequency response measurements of some real low-pass analog filter. Denote the maximum frequency for which a frequency response measurement ...
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82
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Two-GMSK channels demodulation: 3dB difference in BER
I am trying to demodulate individually two GMSK channels separated by 50kHz (one channel = 25kHz).
I am working on a limited resources hardware so I decided to make some optimization on the signal ...
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255
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Digital beamforming and phase shift stage insertion
I have read some literatures about the different topologies of beamforming and it came to my mind a question : where is applied the phase shift for each channel depending on the type of topology/...
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1
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112
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phase response of an analog filter
I am trying to understand the relation between phase response of an analog filter and its influence on the quality of a signal with PSK modulation.
For example I want to design a BPF for HF ...
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105
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inter symbol interference vs digital modulation
I am a little confused after my lecture today. My professor started off with explaining what inter symbol interference (ISI) is and he ended the lecture talking about the different types of digital ...
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37
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How can we do exact simulation for digital systems? [closed]
In digital control system, there are two basic techniques for finding the best digital controller.
First, called the discrete equivalent, we find the continuous compensation and then discretize (best ...
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260
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The selection of the amplitude of the signal, consisting of rectangular pulses, at different frequencies
I already asked a similar question, but did not receive an answer and did not find a solution, I want to make another attempt to get to the bottom of the truth.
There is a signal consisting of ...
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Carrier and timing offset
Assume my reference is 1 ppm so if my transmit frequency is 400 MHz and
symbolrate is 100 kHz.
Then, my carrier will have +/- 400 Hz offset and then my symbol will have +/-0.001 Hz offset. Similarly,...
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