Questions tagged [cross-correlation]
The cross-correlation tag has no usage guidance.
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Aperiodic Correlation function using FFT Method
Periodic correlation function between two binary sequences say x and y can be computed using FFT. corr_value = ifft(fft(x).*conj(fft(y));
Can some one please help on how to compute aperiodic ...
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PRN code design for satellite navigation system ( A-CDMA systems)
Satellite Navigation Systems are based on CDMA principle(asynchronous CDMA).
It is observed that there are lot of PRN codes designed in the literature.
The requirements of navigation systems is such ...
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42 views
How to find location of impedance in electrical (transmission line) network using reflectometry?
I am trying to find the location of impedance mismatch on the transmission line network using sequence time-domain reflectometry through MATLAB Simulink. In this work, I can find the location of some ...
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1answer
44 views
Time delay estimation between two complex signals(IQ)
I need to time align two complex signals. The two signals obtained were at different RF frequency before digitisation. So,I have two complex signals(IQ) and I need to do delay estimation and apply ...
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33 views
Time delay estimation of signals increasingly decorrelated
The problem may be summarized as follows: I have a stochastic signals and I want to measure an increasing delay, as depicted in the following picture. The picture represents the signal as it is being ...
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1answer
61 views
Normalized cross-correlation in frequency domain
I never worked with signal processing and never really used Fourier transforms before, still I am working on a project consisting on taking the output of an accelerometer to detect some movement ...
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1answer
34 views
Confusion in the derivation of convolution formula [closed]
$$x(t)=\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}x(\tau)\delta(\tau-t)d\tau=\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}x(\tau)\delta(t-\tau)d\tau$$
Due to linearity,
$$y(t)=T\{x(t)\}=\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}x(\tau)T\{\delta(\tau-t)\}d\tau=\...
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1answer
95 views
Matched filter and cross correlation in digital processing
I am very new to signal processing, and a bit confused with the matched filter.
Assume that I have a time series and a specific waveform I need to identify in it. By definition:
a matched filter ...
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1answer
38 views
False negative probability of cross-correlation
Suppose $D$ is a string of length $L$ where its values are uniformly distributed in $[-a,a]$. Also, all values of $D$ are independent (i.i.d).
$X$ is a noisy version of $D$ in this way: $X=D+N$ where ...
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87 views
GCC-PHAT (Generalized cross correlation) always peak at delay=0 on real audio signal
I have studied the GCC-PHAT algorithm to estimate TDOA on audio signals at 2 mics.
Here is my MATLAB implementation:
...
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1answer
105 views
Why can Sum of Squared Differences (SSD) seen as cross-correlation?
In this slides, on page 4, the SSD can be seen as cross-correlation:
http://www.lira.dist.unige.it/teaching/SINA/slides-current/pyramids.pdf
http://www.cse.yorku.ca/~kosta/CompVis_Notes/ssd_cross-...
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Preamble detection using cross-correlation
I am generating a preamble with a sequence of [1 -1 1 -1 1 -1....] and spread with a barker-11 sequence. Now, the transmitted signal becomes [B(Barker), -B(Inverse of Barker), B, -B,....]. In channel, ...
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2answers
43 views
Correlation between 2 signals of uneven dimensions
As a part of my work, I am trying to correlate the audio signal in a video with the pixels of each frame. The steps I follow are:
Audio sampling rate and frame rate of the video are known. So, ...
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2answers
57 views
What is the meaning of positive and negative shift in signal correlation?
If $x(t)$ and $y(t)$ are real valued signal then from this page cross correlation between them is defined as
\begin{align}
R_{XY}(\tau) &= \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}x(t)y(t-\tau) dt\quad\text{+ve ...
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0answers
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Basics of Normalizing Cross-Correlation with a View to Comparing Signals
I'm trying to understand how cross-correlation is used determine the similarity of two signals. This tutorial offers a very clear explanation of the basics, but I still don't understand how to use ...
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1answer
135 views
Comparing multiple signals for similarity
I have multiple (between 2 and 100) signals and need to determine when a significant number diverge from the rest. We're exploring machine learning techniques, but we also want tackle this as a signal ...
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1answer
45 views
Cramér-Rao lower bound
I have been trying to implement the Cramér-Rao lower bound from the paper - A reference-free time difference of arrival source localization using a passive sensor array (eq. 6 and eq. 7).
$$
\...
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2answers
78 views
Interpolation of audio for new frames
I am trying to upsample a video by existing frame interpolation techniques. In the process, I realize that I also need to interpolate the audio signal for the new frames so that the audio signal is in ...
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1answer
41 views
Findin the source direction using cross-correlation function
I am new to DSP and I'm working on the following problem.
We have a sound source in the far field and a microphone array consisting of two microphones with distance d. We want to determine the source ...
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2answers
70 views
Two different definitions of cross-correlation
I have come across two different definitions of the cross-correlation function:
$$
R_{XY}(\tau) = \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} x(t) y(t+ \tau) dt
$$
and
$$
R_{XY}(\tau) = \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} x(t)...
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1answer
37 views
Interpolation of missing audio signal in a video sequence
Suppose there is a video sequence and there are some frames for which the audio data is missing. I want to interpolate the missing audio data on the basis of the correlation of the audio signal with ...
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1answer
35 views
Why is the sound field intensity due to $K$ point sources given by $ I(p,\omega) = \sum_{k=1}^K \sigma_k^2(\omega) \delta(p - p_k)$?
I am trying to understand the following piece of text. I am not used to dealing with sound intensity and power so I'm not familiar with the derivation of the formula $(*)$ below.
Statement: 1.
We ...
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1answer
86 views
Problem understanding the Expectation Operator
I know that the Expectation Operator $E\{x\}$ four discrete values is
$$ \sum_k \alpha Pr(x = \alpha_k)$$
and its very intuitive when speaking out a formula which contains the Expectation Operator. ...
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1answer
105 views
GPS Coarse Acquisition PRN Codes
Are the actual 1023 bit sequences for each of the 32 GPS satellites available to consumers? I found the IS GPS 200 but it doesn't list the entire sequences. Are verified sequences available for ...
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2answers
64 views
Cross-correlation peaks in acoustic multi-path conditions
Consider a speaker and a microphone are placed in a multi-path environment and the audio signal to be transmitted is LFM(chirp) signal, the time of arrival of the audio signal is computed by cross-...
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2answers
148 views
GPS CA Signal Acquisition
The coarse acquisition C/A GPS signal has a symbol rate or chip rate of 1.023 Mcps with code period of 1 ms. The code bandwidth is +/-1.023MHz (to 1st sinc nulls). I'd like to record this signal using ...
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1answer
40 views
finding the audio pulse compression peak in extra-low SNR scenario?
I just want to obtain some general ideas for such a scenario: if the environmental noise is extremely strong and the audio signal at the receiver is extremely weak(for instance, low range propagation),...
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1answer
113 views
Wiener Filter in Frequency Domain: What it does to a specific Frequency?
As I understand Wiener filter in time domain tries to estimate a signal as close as possible to its (original) non-degraded signal using the degraded signal by white noise.
$$H(\omega)=\frac{\Phi_{...
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1answer
47 views
Maximum of cross-correlation not moving
I already asked this question here yesterday, but it was very poorly worded I think. I made a much more detailled post explaining my problem of stackoverflow, as it might also be a code problem.
Here ...
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0answers
60 views
Common mode signal cancellation on multi-channel system
I have a system consisting of 32 horizontal plus 32 vertical charge sensitive wires. They are part of a particle detector and each one is coupled to a charge amplifier consisting of preamp stage ...
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1answer
234 views
How to find shift between two signals with Cross correlation?
I have calculated the cross-correlation function between to waveforms. I would like to find the shift between the two waveforms from the peak of the cross-correlation function. I am not really sure ...
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2answers
216 views
Why does the addition of noise improve coherence between two signals?
Taking a simple example of the coherence between two signals, each composed of two sinusoids of frequency 100 and 200 Hz, I expect the coherence to show two peaks in the spectrum located at precisely ...
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1answer
294 views
Trouble with time-syncing two radio signals using cross-correlation
I posted a similar question a while ago here (I'm posting this follow-up since I'd like to focus more on cross-correlation now). I have a setup where I have two software-defined radios connected to ...
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0answers
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Subtracting audio signal emitted - trying to use spectral subtraction to localize moving objects
I am a Software Engineer without much signal processing background and currently spending and experimenting to get use to it.
My scenario: Assume a speaker and a microphone array. A speaker emits an ...
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1answer
36 views
Why is the correlation of two random markov chains so large?
A very simple python code shows that the correlation coefficient and spearmann rank between two datasets of uniform random numbers drops proportionally to the square root of the number of points in ...
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2answers
281 views
How can I align these two signals? Cross correlation isn't working properly
I have two radios sampling simultaneously, and I am trying to time-align their two signals (they will always start sampling at slightly different times with random delays due to hardware differences). ...
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3answers
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The explanation of $|R_{XY}(\tau)| \le \sqrt{R_{XX}(0)R_{YY}(0)}$
If i said the explanation of $|R_{XX}(\tau)| \le R_{XX}(0)$ is that in the time domain,any signal wave are the same as itself when it doesn't shift.Then what is the explanation of $|R_{XY}(\tau)| \le ...
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1answer
80 views
Group delay using cross correlation?
An input signal + (thermal) noise travels through a channel and can be measured at its output.
Is it possible to use cross correlation between input and output signal to measure group delay? If not, ...
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1answer
155 views
No cross-correlation between same signal recorded using two different microphones
I've recorded the same audio signal using two microphones located at the same approximate location. However, when checking the cross-correlation using MATLAB (using the xcorr function) it is ...
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0answers
183 views
PHAT filtering for cross-correlation yields wrong results while simple cross-correlation does OK (Python)
I work with two signals, the second being perfectly delayed and attenuated, with no reverberation. I implemented cross-correlation algorithm, which yields me these results:
Here is my code for these ...
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0answers
168 views
Edge effects in cross-correlation
This is a follow-up of this question.
The problem explained in the linked question has been in part solved by the mean of a windowing function. But my cross-corrleation still exhibits strong edge-...
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1answer
200 views
Autocorrelation of Addition of Two Independent Signals
Given a random signal $ Z \left( t \right) $ which is addition of two independent signals $ X \left( t \right) $ and $ Y \left( t \right) $ with constant parameters $ a $ and $ b $:
$$ Z (t) = aX(t) +...
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1answer
24 views
Investigating correlation for unequal signal lengths
I have measurements from two tablet sensors. The first sensor measures the touch pressure applied to the tablet and the second sensor is the acceleration of the tablet (in z direction). The sensor ...
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1answer
1k views
Convolution and cross-correlation on 2D image (Example)
I have read that convolution and cross-correlation are the same thing, but convolution flips 180 degrees (images), or time reverses (sequences) the kernel, before performing the elementwise ...
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2answers
272 views
Downsampling from 100Hz to 60 Hz
I have two sensors measuring a single time varying signal . The first sensor (reference sensor) is sampling the data at 60 Hz and the second sensor (test sensor) is sampling the data at 60 Hz. I ...
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1answer
55 views
Parabolic fiting for sub-sample precision
I am performing cross-correlation between two double[1024] arrays. I want to track the correlation's maximum with sub-sample accuracy, so I decided to implement parabolic fitting to my code. I used ...
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1answer
204 views
Windowing a signal for FFT
I am actually working on a project involving the cross-correlation of two signals. My cross-correlation code is working fine, but I suspect that I should apply a window to my data set in order to ...
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1answer
208 views
Cross-correlation, sharp peak at 0?
First of all, I have to stress that I am not a professional of coding, no more than a professional of signal processing. I am a chemist that happen to be working on a project involving both. So in ...
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2answers
114 views
Interpreting this plot cross-correlation
I have an input signal $x(t)$ that is a white Gaussian random signal with mean 0 and variance 1. The signal $y(t)$ is the output of a linear filter with impulse response $$h(t) = |\operatorname{sinc}(...
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1answer
241 views
How to calculate a delay between two signals in frequency domain?
Calculation of a delay between two signals is generally done by finding the maximum in the cross-correlation of the two signals (in time domain):
$$
\tau_{delay} = \arg\max_\limits{t}(f(t) \star g(t))
...
