Questions tagged [cross-correlation]
The cross-correlation tag has no usage guidance.
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Physical meaning of cross spectral matrix in a microphone array
Currently I am processing data from a 64 microphone array to identify noise source locations on an airfoil. I am using the simple sum and delay beamforming algorithm. I get good results, however in ...
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1answer
24 views
GCC-PHAT (Generalized cross correlation) always peak at delay=0 on real audio signal
I have studied the GCC-PHAT algorithm to estimate TDOA on audio signals at 2 mics.
Here is my MATLAB implementation:
...
0
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1answer
38 views
Why can Sum of Squared Differences (SSD) seen as cross-correlation?
In this slides, on page 4, the SSD can be seen as cross-correlation:
http://www.lira.dist.unige.it/teaching/SINA/slides-current/pyramids.pdf
The SSD is defined as:
$$SSD(m,n) = \sum_i \sum_j [g(i,...
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0answers
23 views
Preamble detection using cross-correlation
I am generating a preamble with a sequence of [1 -1 1 -1 1 -1....] and spread with a barker-11 sequence. Now, the transmitted signal becomes [B(Barker), -B(Inverse of Barker), B, -B,....]. In channel, ...
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2answers
39 views
Correlation between 2 signals of uneven dimensions
As a part of my work, I am trying to correlate the audio signal in a video with the pixels of each frame. The steps I follow are:
Audio sampling rate and frame rate of the video are known. So, ...
1
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2answers
53 views
What is the meaning of positive and negative shift in signal correlation?
If $x(t)$ and $y(t)$ are real valued signal then from this page cross correlation between them is defined as
\begin{align}
R_{XY}(\tau) &= \int_{-\infty}^{\infty}x(t)y(t-\tau) dt\quad\text{+ve ...
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0answers
28 views
Correlation between two signals in time domain
I have two signals, which correspond to the same physical event (acceleration signals) measured from two different sensors.
What would be the equivalent of a correlation (ranging from 0-1). I would ...
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0answers
7 views
Cross-correlation visualization in terms of surface area under graph?
Knowing that Convolution is the total area under the the superimposed two functions, it really help me visualize it.
Now I am confused by cross correlation, which is a convulation without the initial ...
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0answers
38 views
Basics of Normalizing Cross-Correlation with a View to Comparing Signals
I'm trying to understand how cross-correlation is used determine the similarity of two signals. This tutorial offers a very clear explanation of the basics, but I still don't understand how to use ...
2
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1answer
71 views
Comparing multiple signals for similarity
I have multiple (between 2 and 100) signals and need to determine when a significant number diverge from the rest. We're exploring machine learning techniques, but we also want tackle this as a signal ...
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1answer
42 views
Cramér-Rao lower bound
I have been trying to implement the Cramér-Rao lower bound from the paper - A reference-free time difference of arrival source localization using a passive sensor array (eq. 6 and eq. 7).
$$
\...
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2answers
62 views
Interpolation of audio for new frames
I am trying to upsample a video by existing frame interpolation techniques. In the process, I realize that I also need to interpolate the audio signal for the new frames so that the audio signal is in ...
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1answer
33 views
Findin the source direction using cross-correlation function
I am new to DSP and I'm working on the following problem.
We have a sound source in the far field and a microphone array consisting of two microphones with distance d. We want to determine the source ...
0
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2answers
67 views
Two different definitions of cross-correlation
I have come across two different definitions of the cross-correlation function:
$$
R_{XY}(\tau) = \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} x(t) y(t+ \tau) dt
$$
and
$$
R_{XY}(\tau) = \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} x(t)...
0
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1answer
27 views
Interpolation of missing audio signal in a video sequence
Suppose there is a video sequence and there are some frames for which the audio data is missing. I want to interpolate the missing audio data on the basis of the correlation of the audio signal with ...
2
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1answer
33 views
Why is the sound field intensity due to $K$ point sources given by $ I(p,\omega) = \sum_{k=1}^K \sigma_k^2(\omega) \delta(p - p_k)$?
I am trying to understand the following piece of text. I am not used to dealing with sound intensity and power so I'm not familiar with the derivation of the formula $(*)$ below.
Statement: 1.
We ...
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1answer
49 views
Problem understanding the Expectation Operator
I know that the Expectation Operator $E\{x\}$ four discrete values is
$$ \sum_k \alpha Pr(x = \alpha_k)$$
and its very intuitive when speaking out a formula which contains the Expectation Operator. ...
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1answer
64 views
GPS Coarse Acquisition PRN Codes
Are the actual 1023 bit sequences for each of the 32 GPS satellites available to consumers? I found the IS GPS 200 but it doesn't list the entire sequences. Are verified sequences available for ...
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2answers
53 views
Cross-correlation peaks in acoustic multi-path conditions
Consider a speaker and a microphone are placed in a multi-path environment and the audio signal to be transmitted is LFM(chirp) signal, the time of arrival of the audio signal is computed by cross-...
2
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2answers
110 views
GPS CA Signal Acquisition
The coarse acquisition C/A GPS signal has a symbol rate or chip rate of 1.023 Mcps with code period of 1 ms. The code bandwidth is +/-1.023MHz (to 1st sinc nulls). I'd like to record this signal using ...
0
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1answer
36 views
finding the audio pulse compression peak in extra-low SNR scenario?
I just want to obtain some general ideas for such a scenario: if the environmental noise is extremely strong and the audio signal at the receiver is extremely weak(for instance, low range propagation),...
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1answer
74 views
Wiener Filter in Frequency Domain: What it does to a specific Frequency?
As I understand Wiener filter in time domain tries to estimate a signal as close as possible to its (original) non-degraded signal using the degraded signal by white noise.
$$H(\omega)=\frac{\Phi_{...
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1answer
40 views
Maximum of cross-correlation not moving
I already asked this question here yesterday, but it was very poorly worded I think. I made a much more detailled post explaining my problem of stackoverflow, as it might also be a code problem.
Here ...
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0answers
55 views
Common mode signal cancellation on multi-channel system
I have a system consisting of 32 horizontal plus 32 vertical charge sensitive wires. They are part of a particle detector and each one is coupled to a charge amplifier consisting of preamp stage ...
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1answer
131 views
How to find shift between two signals with Cross correlation?
I have calculated the cross-correlation function between to waveforms. I would like to find the shift between the two waveforms from the peak of the cross-correlation function. I am not really sure ...
0
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2answers
160 views
Why does the addition of noise improve coherence between two signals?
Taking a simple example of the coherence between two signals, each composed of two sinusoids of frequency 100 and 200 Hz, I expect the coherence to show two peaks in the spectrum located at precisely ...
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1answer
213 views
Trouble with time-syncing two radio signals using cross-correlation
I posted a similar question a while ago here (I'm posting this follow-up since I'd like to focus more on cross-correlation now). I have a setup where I have two software-defined radios connected to ...
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0answers
65 views
Subtracting audio signal emitted - trying to use spectral subtraction to localize moving objects
I am a Software Engineer without much signal processing background and currently spending and experimenting to get use to it.
My scenario: Assume a speaker and a microphone array. A speaker emits an ...
0
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1answer
36 views
Why is the correlation of two random markov chains so large?
A very simple python code shows that the correlation coefficient and spearmann rank between two datasets of uniform random numbers drops proportionally to the square root of the number of points in ...
2
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2answers
208 views
How can I align these two signals? Cross correlation isn't working properly
I have two radios sampling simultaneously, and I am trying to time-align their two signals (they will always start sampling at slightly different times with random delays due to hardware differences). ...
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3answers
113 views
The explanation of $|R_{XY}(\tau)| \le \sqrt{R_{XX}(0)R_{YY}(0)}$
If i said the explanation of $|R_{XX}(\tau)| \le R_{XX}(0)$ is that in the time domain,any signal wave are the same as itself when it doesn't shift.Then what is the explanation of $|R_{XY}(\tau)| \le ...
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1answer
73 views
Group delay using cross correlation?
An input signal + (thermal) noise travels through a channel and can be measured at its output.
Is it possible to use cross correlation between input and output signal to measure group delay? If not, ...
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1answer
140 views
No cross-correlation between same signal recorded using two different microphones
I've recorded the same audio signal using two microphones located at the same approximate location. However, when checking the cross-correlation using MATLAB (using the xcorr function) it is ...
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0answers
83 views
Resolving periodic components from time-series data
From the FFT, I know that my time-series data contains a component with some periodicity at 5 Hz. Harmonics are also present because the component is both nonsinusoidal and has variable timing (i.e., ...
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0answers
148 views
PHAT filtering for cross-correlation yields wrong results while simple cross-correlation does OK (Python)
I work with two signals, the second being perfectly delayed and attenuated, with no reverberation. I implemented cross-correlation algorithm, which yields me these results:
Here is my code for these ...
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0answers
121 views
Edge effects in cross-correlation
This is a follow-up of this question.
The problem explained in the linked question has been in part solved by the mean of a windowing function. But my cross-corrleation still exhibits strong edge-...
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1answer
132 views
Autocorrelation of Addition of Two Independent Signals
Given a random signal $ Z \left( t \right) $ which is addition of two independent signals $ X \left( t \right) $ and $ Y \left( t \right) $ with constant parameters $ a $ and $ b $:
$$ Z (t) = aX(t) +...
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1answer
23 views
Investigating correlation for unequal signal lengths
I have measurements from two tablet sensors. The first sensor measures the touch pressure applied to the tablet and the second sensor is the acceleration of the tablet (in z direction). The sensor ...
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1answer
1k views
Convolution and cross-correlation on 2D image (Example)
I have read that convolution and cross-correlation are the same thing, but convolution flips 180 degrees (images), or time reverses (sequences) the kernel, before performing the elementwise ...
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2answers
216 views
Downsampling from 100Hz to 60 Hz
I have two sensors measuring a single time varying signal . The first sensor (reference sensor) is sampling the data at 60 Hz and the second sensor (test sensor) is sampling the data at 60 Hz. I ...
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1answer
53 views
Parabolic fiting for sub-sample precision
I am performing cross-correlation between two double[1024] arrays. I want to track the correlation's maximum with sub-sample accuracy, so I decided to implement parabolic fitting to my code. I used ...
0
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1answer
158 views
Windowing a signal for FFT
I am actually working on a project involving the cross-correlation of two signals. My cross-correlation code is working fine, but I suspect that I should apply a window to my data set in order to ...
2
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1answer
161 views
Cross-correlation, sharp peak at 0?
First of all, I have to stress that I am not a professional of coding, no more than a professional of signal processing. I am a chemist that happen to be working on a project involving both. So in ...
2
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2answers
105 views
Interpreting this plot cross-correlation
I have an input signal $x(t)$ that is a white Gaussian random signal with mean 0 and variance 1. The signal $y(t)$ is the output of a linear filter with impulse response $$h(t) = |\operatorname{sinc}(...
2
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1answer
187 views
How to calculate a delay between two signals in frequency domain?
Calculation of a delay between two signals is generally done by finding the maximum in the cross-correlation of the two signals (in time domain):
$$
\tau_{delay} = \arg\max_\limits{t}(f(t) \star g(t))
...
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1answer
207 views
Is there any relationship between the convolution and cross-correlation of two signals? [duplicate]
There are two square 2-D signals with the same size $m \times m$, if the result of convolution of those two signals is first picture, And the result of cross-correlation of those two signals is second ...
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56 views
Relationship of the cross correlation and the amplitude of the signal
I would like to characterise the maximum amplitude $|x(t)|$ (or similar quantity $|x(t)|$ or $|x(t)|^2$) of the following linear system
$$ x(t) = \int_0^\infty K(t')S(t-t')dt',$$
where $ S(t) $ is ...
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0answers
112 views
Frequency Domain Variant of Pearson's Sample Correlation Coefficient?
Suppose that you need to find (i.e. acquire) $x_1$, a short data packet with a known bit sequence preamble (i.e. a PRBS BPSK), in $x_2$, quantized samples recorded from the output of an ADC. You don'...
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0answers
27 views
Issue in template matching code
code is supposed to take the input image, extract the objects, then overlap circle masks of decreasing radius (r=64,.....1) on each object. A histogram of the no. of white pixels that coincide with ...
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2answers
73 views
How to estimate ALL time-delays across MULTIPLE signals?
Imagine there are 100 recordings of the same signal or pattern, but those recordings are not properly aligned with each other in time. In other words, each sample has some unknown time delay in ...
