Signal Processing

Questions tagged [control-systems]

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30 views

Designing a controller with hard output limits

I'm trying to put together a control algorithm to use a heater to drive a 2nd order thermal system to the target temperature as quickly as possible. I've done a nice state-space model with an extra ...
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0answers
18 views

how can this be solved. transfer function block diagram [closed]

How can this question be solved. please provide the reduction steps
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1answer
37 views

Stability concerns for closed-loop systems

I came across the statement Stability is a big problem in closed-loop systems, where a system may tend in some instances to overcorrect errors and cause oscillations. I wish to know some examples in ...
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1answer
32 views

Realize the given system in cascade form of 2nd order section in signal flow graph representation(with complex exponents)?

I know how to solve cascade form for normal case, but I don't know how to solve cascade form if I get complex exponentials. How do I solve this? Can you provide me 1 solved example or some hint or ...
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1answer
91 views

Kalman Filter: How to Define Inputs and Outputs of a Model

I'm a software engineer with a CS degree working in machine learning. I'm trying to learn about Kalman Filters. In this short YouTube video from Mathworks, there's a discussion on a Kalman Filter with ...
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0answers
36 views

Are there control loops that attempt to maximize a process variable?

I'm working on Remote-Procedure Call (RPC) server that processes incoming streams of data from clients, and looking for a way to set a limit on the number of simultaneous streams allowed. There is ...
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2answers
57 views

Matlab Pade approximation influence on bode plot and step response

I would like to approximate a delay via the pade approximation. I set a normal delay via the exponential term and I set a delay via the pade approximation and I look the difference between the both ...
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1answer
31 views

Mixed - Discrete and Continuous system Laplace domain stability - Effect of Sampler and DAC

I have a system whose the plant transfer function is continuous and the compensation is discrete. I have an ADC which allows to measure the output of the system and a DAC which allows to control the ...
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0answers
55 views

real time - active noise control

I am trying to implement an adaptive filter for system identification and active noise control for realtime signal processing on an FPGA using Labview. For system identification, I implemented the ...
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2answers
131 views

How to set parameters of the PI controller inside the PLL?

I am going to implement in C++ software the synchronous frame phase locked loop (SFPLL) for estimation of angle and frequency of the three phase grid 220V/50Hz. For the internal PI controller setting ...
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1answer
229 views

Why is modern control theory in the time domain instead of the S-domain?

I am not sure if I am missing something, but from what I read I understand that modern control systems work in the time domain rather than the frequency frequency or S-domain. Wikipedia article ...
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2answers
33 views

cancellation controller transfer function design

This chapter offers a free overview on cancellation controllers. However, i did not get equation (6.4), how the transfer function of $G_R$ is determined?
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0answers
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derivating input output relationship of a block diagram when there is noise added to the output

For the following system, I am not quite sure how the equation representing the input output relation is derived. Here, r is an input reference signal, $d_e$ is external disturbance and $n$ is noise. ...
2
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1answer
59 views

Linear system stability criteria

Suppose we have a closed-loop system $H(s)=\frac{A(s)}{1+A(s)f(s)}=\frac{A(s)}{1+T(s)}$. I've seen the stability of the system stated a couple ways: If $H(s)$ has any poles in the RHP, then it is ...
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2answers
39 views

map float to fixed point

I have designed a system in simulink and works well through simulation. In order to convert to fixed point, I tried fixed point advisor with little success. The reason being that the coefficients on ...
4
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1answer
85 views

Developing Lead Compensator to Decrease Settle Time

This is a follow up to this question. I've approximated the transfer function for a system to be H = zpk([0.012 -1.05 18],[-0.22 -0.22 -45 -1000],10000);. My goal ...
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2answers
52 views

how to take a second order transfer function without any zeros and represent it using two first order transfer functions

does anybody know how to take a second order transfer function with no zeros (no s terms in the numerator): $$ g(s) = K\frac{\omega_n^2}{s^2 + 2\zeta \omega_n s + \omega_n^2} $$ and represent it using ...
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1answer
83 views

3D (time, scale, amplitude) plot in Continuous Wavelet Transform

I will be extremely grateful if someone could please answer this basic question. How can one plot a 3D (translation, scale, amplitude) plot from the Continuous wavelet transform (CWT) coefficients? ...
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1answer
52 views

What is the relation between eigenvalues and state-space response in control systems?

I understand the mathematics behind it but I want to know what happens physically in a real-life system. How do the eigenvalues come into the picture from a non-mathematical (physical) point of view? ...
4
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2answers
262 views

Which step response matches the system transfer function

A system has the following open loop bode plot: - Which one of the plots below describe the closed loop step response for the entire system? My attempt My initial thought was to look at the static ...
4
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1answer
173 views

How do I get a faster system response?

I have this model in simulink (the graph is my output): The step input has amplitude 0.5 m/s, and it steps up after 0.1 seconds. The gain $K_p=5$. The saturation block is to keep the voltage between -...
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what is the difference between LMS and MPC?

I do understand that MPC is a control method and requires known model in the feedback path. LMS, on the other hand, is more like an adaptive filtering, which estimates the tap coefficients yielding ...
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9 views

What are some reliable sources which I can use to validate my code for simulating MPC?

What I have done I have written a code in Mathematica from scratch for simulating quadratic cost standard MPC problems for constant reference tracking. My attempts YALMIP's website has a solved ...
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0answers
10 views

Construct controller with given crossover frequency

I have this problem: I can solve question a) by looking for the phase gain of the bode plot at $\omega_{\pi}$, find the phase gain = 0.2, and divide $\frac{1}{|G(w)|} = \frac{1}{0.2} = 5$, so K can be ...
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Feedback command for MIMO systems in matlab

I have a state space model with 12 outputs and 4 inputs. I want to close the loop of 8th output with 3 input. then in outer loop i want to close outer loop for 1 output and 3 input again (Quadrotor ...
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0answers
36 views

State space representation using a given nilppotent matrix

I want to build a question on state space using a given, nilpotent matrix, $A$. $$q[n+1]=Aq[n]+Bx[n]$$ $$y[n]=Cq[n]+Dx[n]$$ Usually, I am using the canonical form so there is no problem extracting $A,...
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1answer
59 views

Part 2: Root Locus, Transfer Functions and Unit Step Response?

I'm continuing my question referenced here: Part 1 Question / Problem Description Say I have a new Root Locus shown below Consider the generic feedback loop, and the transfer function $G(s)$ shown by ...
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1answer
83 views

Root Locus, Transfer Functions and Unit Step Response?

Consider the generic feedback loop, and the transfer function $G(s)$ shown by the following root locus plot. Where $\mathbf{x}$ denotes the open-loop poles and $\square$ denotes the closed loop poles....
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23 views

How to handle cross products in feedback loop?

I'm trying to simplify the following block diagram from to the following block diagram However, h(t), H(s) in time domain, has a cross product in it (gyroscopic torque). How can I represent the ...
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2answers
505 views

State space physical meaning

Let $T(s)$ be a transfer function that describes a mechanical system, where the input is force and the output is position. And let $[A,B,C,D]$ be the equivalent state-space representation of $T(s)$, ...
2
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1answer
141 views

Ending points of the root locus

Let $$D(s) + KN(s) = 0 \tag{1}$$where $D(s)$ and $N(s)$ are polynomials of $s \in \mathbb{C}$ such that $\text{Deg}(D) = n, \ \text{Deg}(N) = m$ and $n\ge m$. The root locus method tells us how the ...
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1answer
54 views

What is the frequency of the Gaussian white noise model in control systems?

The design of control systems, particularly for SISO systems, is made convenient by tools such as Bode plots and the corresponding Nyquist stability criterion. These concepts allow engineers to design ...
2
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1answer
52 views

Why can't this system be adequately represented using a z-domain transfer function?

According to this question and answer the following system cannot be adequately captured by a z-transform transfer function. $$y[n] = y[n-1] + F_{\psi}(y[n-1)) + F_{\phi}(x[n-1])$$ where $F_{\alpha}(z)...
2
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1answer
75 views

Controller in the feedback path?

What happens if the controller of a closed-loop system is placed in the feedback path before the summation point, instead of between the summation point and the plant to control? Are we allowed to do ...
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1answer
61 views

How does the intuitive notion of causality fit in with control systems?

Edit: By causality, in this question, I do not mean the traditional mathematical definition in the theory o signals and systems; I mean causality as in an intuitive 'what's moving/pushing what notion'....
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0answers
39 views

Are there any State Space Control C libraries?

I'm searching for a C library which implements methods needed for state space control (e.g. state feedback controller and state observer equations). Googling various terms only brought up a non-C (C# ?...
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0answers
16 views

music sampler control

I'm a reasonably competent web programmer and I would like to know how I should go about learning to program a software that would control a music sampler. The hardware setup I was given is a sampler (...
2
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1answer
58 views

Region of root locus not inside the feasible region for a given performance specification

I wanted to plot the root locus for a system, whose plant transfer function is $$ P(s)= \frac{k}{Ts+1}e^{-ts}. $$ A PI controller was suggested for this system, and the task is to find $K_p$ and $K_i$...
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4answers
152 views

What is the principle behind my voice echoing perpetually when 2 separate devices are used for playback and recording on video calls?

I had to use 2 separate devices for a video call, desktop for video/audio output and smartphone for recording, since the desktop microphone was not working properly. Unfortunately for me, when I ...
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0answers
37 views

Kalman Filter: Difference between sensor input and control input

I recently saw a matlab sensor fusion example which combined IMU and GPS data for drone localization. What was surprising about it was that the IMU was used to predict future behavior of the system as ...
3
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1answer
79 views

Effects of delay in a discrete-time controller for a continuous-time plant

I'm trying to understand the effects of sample-to-update delay in digital control of power electronics. I am aware of the issue but not 100% sure how to quantify it. There is an interesting paper by ...
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1answer
42 views

How to approximate the transfer function of compensator using root locus?

I have the root locus of a system with and without compensator. The system is consist of a PD-controller and the process, the output is fed back to the controller via $G_s(s) = 1$. The upper graph is ...
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0answers
27 views

Signifance of statistical information in a signal

I am learning control engineering for some time and I work with a lot of transfer functions and frequency domain design. Reading from textbook, to me everything seems deterministic. Whenever I come ...
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1answer
52 views

Transfer function estimation using system identification

I am posting a control system problem here because of this post reference. Question: I have input and output datasets. These are graphically shown below. The blue line is output and the pink line is ...
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0answers
156 views

Time-Invariant (non)autonomous Systems

Regarding potential distinctions between autonomous, non-autonomous, time-invariant and time-varying systems, I have found out opinions supporting that: autonomous systems are time-invariant and non-...
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1answer
44 views

Extracting the DC component of a signal, that proportional to the displacement about the y-axis

I’m not sure that I clearly enough reflected the essence of a small problem in the title of the topic, but I’ll try to reveal its essence in the question itself. https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/......
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0answers
27 views

Control of a nonlinear static MIMO System

I am currently writing my master thesis and trying to design a controller for my system. However, the system is somewhat unconventional. It has a large number of inputs and outputs, is static, non-...
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0answers
28 views

Trajectory Planning and Optimal Control

When finding control inputs for ODE systems, gradient based solutions are often used. With the increase computational power will these solutions still be important over things like Monte-Carlo ...
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2answers
92 views

Why is the close looped model under control called plant?

I am not sure if the question even belongs here. Please correct me if it is out of context. Consider a closed feedback loop. Usually, we say that $K^L(s)$ is a controller over the plat $G(s)$. Is ...
2
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1answer
36 views

Feedforward disturbance signal compensation

The reference Feedforward control concepts through Interactive Tools says, to minimise the effect of the disturbance $d$ on the process output $y$, a compensator $G_{\text{ff}}=P_3/P_1$ shall be used. ...

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