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I wondering something. While working with adalm pluto sdr in gnu radio, the sample rate I enter in the source block is actually bandwidth. I know that bandwidth must be half of the sampling rate because of the Nyquist rate. How can GNU radio taking a 4MHz sample rate and 4MHz bandwidth.Also, can we sample 20 MHz bandwidth with 4 MHz sampling rate in GNU radio with pluto sdr? Because in continuous RX mode max sample rate of adalm pluto is 4-5 MHz.

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Software-defined radios do quadrature sampling: every sample is actually two, a real (in-phase) sample and an imaginary (quadrature) sample. That's why sampling rate is equal to the bandwidth.

You can't sample a signal with bandwidth 20 MHz at 4 MHz; doing so would introduce lots of aliasing. The maximum signal bandwidth you can sample at that rate is 4 MHz (theoretically) and more likely around 3 MHz, depending on the performance of the filters and converters in your receiver.

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    $\begingroup$ Another element of importance to take into account that links the sampling rate to the badwidth is the anti-aliasing filter profile which is never a brickwall and will lower the bandwith. This kind of consideration may differ from one SDR to another $\endgroup$
    – M.FAKHFAKH
    Commented Jan 27, 2023 at 16:38

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